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Author: search.filters.author.Kituku, Gladys

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    Influence of Resource Allocation on the Performance of the Kenya Revenue Authority
    (International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS), 2024-05) Ng’ang’a, Irene Nyakio; Kituku, Gladys; Miluwi, Joshua
    Good performance of revenue authority through a steady flow of incomes is an indicator of the financial health of a country in its role of providing: public services, infrastructure, and social programs support. Prioritizing an efficient tax system reduces dependence on foreign aid and also fosters domestic revenue generation. However, developing countries have not been able to finance their budgets internally ending up relying on loans from the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and World Bank. These loans become hard to manage with high dependencies on lending institutions becoming debt trap cycles hindering their economic sustainability. Kenya, according to the World Bank (2022), through a debt sustainability report revealed that the present value of total debt to gross domestic product was at 70.5% in 2020, 76.3% in 2022, and is projected to be at 79.2% in October 2023.Huge debt by the Kenyan government running in Trillions of Kenya shillings is attributed to high borrowing from deficiencies in collections by the Kenya Revenue Authority. These unfolding statistics require appropriate strategic initiatives in resource allocation to correct the situation on the performance of the Kenya Revenue Authority. This paper sought to examine the influence of resource allocation on the performance of the Kenya Revenue Authority. The study applied a descriptive research design. The target population for the study was the Kenya Revenue Authority. The unit of analysis included 196 middle-level managers of KRA from the Finance department (87), Human resource department (43), Marketing and communication departments (39), and Corporate service and administration departments (27). The stratified random sampling method and the Slovin formula were applied to obtain a representative sample size of 132 respondents. The study gathered data through online surveys and questionnaires which were physically administered. Data collected was analyzed through both descriptive and inferential analyses. Results revealed a β of 0.691 and a p-value of 0.001, between resource allocation and the performance of KRA. The study concluded that resource allocation had a positive and significant influence on the performance of the Kenya Revenue Authority. The study recommended optimizing resource allocation to align with strategic goals to enhance operational efficiency. Furthermore, the study recommended fostering inclusivity and staff participation to boost organizational resilience and innovation. Moreover, the study recommended prioritizing investment in ICT infrastructure to ensure competitiveness and productivity. Lastly, the study recommended that maintaining adequate staffing levels and empowering employees through training would foster a motivated workforce to enhance KRA’s adaptability, performance, and long-term sustainability.
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    Influence of leadership styles on organizational performance of insurance companies in Somalia.
    (Reviewed Journal International of Business Management,, 2024-01) Ahmed, Ibrahim Mohamed; Kituku, Gladys; Kiama, Michael
    This study aimed at establishing the influence of leadership styles on organization performance of insurance companies in Somalia. The study incorporated Leadership Theory. The researcher used descriptive research design to meet the study research objectives. The study focused on five insurance companies in Somalia; Takaful insurance Of Africa, umma insurance brokers, Amana insurance, Baraka insurance and Som-Takaful insurance. The study interviewed 73 respondents, including Chief Executive Officers, heads of departments, and their assistants. Due to the study's small sample size, the census approach was used. Structured questionnaires were distributed to the study's sampled population. Using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences, both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze quantitative data objectively. To arrive at conclusions, the study findings were examined, summarized, and presented using a variety of descriptive statistics methods such as frequencies distribution tables, percentages. Correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were utilized to determine the relationship between the independent variable and dependent variable, that is, effect of leadership styles on the organizational performance of insurance businesses in Somalia, with model significance determined using F-tests, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), at 95 percent confidence intervals. The researcher adhered to research ethics. From the analysis, the study found that leadership styles had positive and statistically significant relationship with organization performance. Thus, the study concluded that, organizational performance of insurance companies in Somalia is influenced by leadership styles.
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    Influence of Technological Factors on Organizational Performance of Insurance Companies in Somalia
    (The Strategic Journal of Business & Change Management,, 2023-09) Ahmed, Ibrahim Mohamed; Kituku, Gladys; Kiama, Michael
    This study established the influence of technological factors on organizational performance of insurance companies in Somalia. The study incorporated innovation theory. A descriptive research design was employed to meet the study's research objective. The study focused on five insurance companies in Somalia, namely Takaful Insurance of Africa, Umma Insurance Brokers, Amana Insurance, Baraka Insurance, and Som-Takaful Insurance. A total of 73 respondents, including Chief Executive Officers, heads of departments, and their assistants were interviewed. Due to the study's small sample size, a census approach was used, and structured questionnaires were distributed to the sampled population. Quantitative data was analyzed objectively using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Various descriptive statistical methods, such as frequency distribution tables and percentages, were used to examine and summarize the study's findings. Correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were utilized to determine the relationship between the independent variables and the dependent variable, as well as the effect of strategic determinants on the organizational performance of insurance businesses in Somalia. Model significance was determined using F- tests and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) at a 95 percent confidence level. The researcher strictly adhered to research ethics throughout the study. The analysis revealed that the technological factors under investigation had a positive and statistically significant relationship with organizational performance of insurance companies in Somalia. Consequently, the study concluded that the organizational performance of insurance companies in Somalia was influenced by technological factors.
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    Determinants of Strategy Implementation at the County Government of Taita Taveta
    (EPRA International Journal of Research and Development (IJRD), 2024-05) Mwanake, Rahel; Munga, Jane W; Kituku, Gladys
    Strategy management is an important aspect in organizations today considering the diverse, fragile and very competitive business environment currently obtaining globally. Consequently, most business and government entities have formulated strategies aimed at enhancing streamlined achievement of their goals and objectives. Regrettably, some of these strategies either fail or are not implemented successfully as envisaged. This research intended to explore the elements impacting the successful execution of initiatives within the County Government of Taita Taveta. The specific objectives were: to assess the impact of organizational structure on strategy implementation, to examine the role of communication in influencing strategy implementation, to investigate the influence of finances on strategy implementation, and to evaluate the impact of employees' technical capacity on strategy implementation at the County Government of Taita Taveta. The study drew upon four theoretical frameworks: Institutional theory, Communication Theory, Resource Based View (RBV), and McKinsey’s 7-S model. The study addressed a population consisting of County Executive Committee members (CECMs), Heads of Departments (HODs), senior officials, and members of the county assembly (MCAs), totaling 87 persons. Utilizing the complete population sample approach (census), all identifiable people were included in the research. Data gathering involved the distribution of questionnaires and conducting interviews. Descriptive statistics such as means, frequencies, and percentages, as well as inferential statistics like Pearson and regression analysis, were employed to evaluate the data collected using the Statistical Package for Social Scientists. Meanwhile, information from oral interviews was subjected to content analysis. The findings of the study demonstrated a substantial association between the implementation of strategic plans at the Taita Taveta County Government and the independent variables, including organizational structure, communication, finances, and workers' technical competence. Strong positive associations were discovered, with correlation values ranging from 0.830 to 0.924, all statistically significant at p<0.01. The significant regression coefficients (p<0.05) offered further evidence, demonstrating that the independent variables play a crucial role in influencing the effective execution of strategic plans in the County. Understanding and addressing these variables could lead to improved strategic plan implementation at the County Government. Policymakers and stakeholders could consider investing in these aspects to enhance the overall effectiveness and successful implementation of strategic plans.
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    Influence of Strategic Control and Cross Border Trade in Jonglei State, Bor Town Municipality, South Sudan
    (Journal of African Interdisciplinary Studies (JAIS):, 2024-04) Geu, David Chol; Kituku, Gladys; Miluwi, Joshua Ogutu
    The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of strategic control on cross-border trade in South Sudan. The contention of the article is that strategic control is an important tool for enhancing cross-border trade in South Sudan. It helps to ensure that goods and services are traded fairly, thereby helping to promote sustainable economic development for South Sudan. Local businesses operating in South Sudan face numerous challenges, including intensified competition due to new market entrants, the threat of imports, increased capacities, and high production costs associated with energy, imported clinker, and transportation. The main objective of this study was to examine the influence of strategic control on cross-border trade in South Sudan. Specifically, the study aimed to achieve the following objectives: assess the influence of premise control on cross-border trade in South Sudan, evaluate the influence of surveillance control on cross-border trade in South Sudan, investigate the influence of implementation control on cross-border trade in South Sudan, and analyze the influence of financial control on cross-border trade in South Sudan. A descriptive survey methodology was employed to gather comprehensive information from employees of the Bor town municipality Jonglei state, South Sudan. The target population of the study consisted of 158 employees working in the Bor town Municipality Jonglei State. A sample size of 61 employees was randomly selected for participation using simple random sampling. Data was collected through questionnaires that include both structured and unstructured questions. For data analysis, which included descriptive statistics like tables, charts, percentages, tabulations, means, and other measures of central tendencies, the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) was used. There was a very strong association between strategic control and cross border trade in Jonglei State which is significant. The study concluded that efficient customs clearance processes positively contribute to the success of cross-border trade activities in Jonglei State and that efficient compliance monitoring mechanisms play a crucial role in ensuring adherence to trade regulations and preventing violations in cross-border trade activities in Jonglei State. The study recommends that in order to encourage cross-border traders' efforts, governments should coordinate their policies to achieve effective trade integration. Facilitating and promoting policy creation processes is crucial, as is ensuring that the Customs Union regularly monitors their implementation. Policymakers will be better able to assist their own economic empowerment and strengthen their position as a major player in regional trade activities if they incorporate cross- border commerce into their vision.
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    Influence of Strategic Control and Cross Border Trade in Jonglei State, Bor Town Municipality, South Sudan
    (Journal of African Interdisciplinary Studies,, 2024) Geu, David Chol; Kituku, Gladys; Miluwi, Joshua Ogutu
    The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of strategic control on cross-border trade in South Sudan. The contention of the article is that strategic control is an important tool for enhancing cross-border trade in South Sudan. It helps to ensure that goods and services are traded fairly, thereby helping to promote sustainable economic development for South Sudan. Local businesses operating in South Sudan face numerous challenges, including intensified competition due to new market entrants, the threat of imports, increased capacities, and high production costs associated with energy, imported clinker, and transportation. The main objective of this study was to examine the influence of strategic control on cross-border trade in South Sudan. Specifically, the study aimed to achieve the following objectives: assess the influence of premise control on cross-border trade in South Sudan, evaluate the influence of surveillance control on cross-border trade in South Sudan, investigate the influence of implementation control on cross-border trade in South Sudan, and analyze the influence of financial control on cross-border trade in South Sudan. A descriptive survey methodology was employed to gather comprehensive information from employees of the Bor town municipality Jonglei state, South Sudan. The target population of the study consisted of 158 employees working in the Bor town Municipality Jonglei State. A sample size of 61 employees was randomly selected for participation using simple random sampling. Data was collected through questionnaires that include both structured and unstructured questions. For data analysis, which included descriptive statistics like tables, charts, percentages, tabulations, means, and other measures of central tendencies, the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) was used. There was a very strong association between strategic control and cross border trade in Jonglei State which is significant. The study concluded that efficient customs clearance processes positively contribute to the success of cross-border trade activities in Jonglei State and that efficient compliance monitoring mechanisms play a crucial role in ensuring adherence to trade regulations and preventing violations in cross-border trade activities in Jonglei State. The study recommends that in order to encourage cross-border traders' efforts, governments should coordinate their policies to achieve effective trade integration. Facilitating and promoting policy creation processes is crucial, as is ensuring that the Customs Union regularly monitors their implementation. Policymakers will be better able to assist their own economic empowerment and strengthen their position as a major player in regional trade activities if they incorporate crossborder commerce into their vision. Key Words: South Sudan, Jonglei State, Channel Optimization, Publicity strategies, Strategic cost, Cross border trade, Premise & Financial Control, Surveillance & Implementation Control