Journal Articles
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Item Principal’s Visionary Leadership and Financial Management in Secondary Schools in Meru County, Kenya(EdinBurg Peer Reviewed Journals and Books Publishers, 2023) Mungai, Sarah Njeri; Mwirichia, Severina; Gichohi, PaulAn ideal funding system in a secondary school provides a key avenue for ensuring that its operations are running smoothly. It should have reliable structures of administration with competent staff such as the bursars and accounts clerks. Nevertheless, that has not been the case due to delays caused by the government when releasing funds and fees paid by the students to secondary schools. The purpose of the study was to investigate principals' visionary leadership and financial management in secondary schools in Meru County, Kenya. The study used a survey research design that was descriptive and cross-sectional. The target population was 389 secondary schools which were sampled through a random sampling method to get schools. It further used a purposive sampling method to obtain 117 principals and 117 bursars. The study administered questionnaires and also collected secondary data. Piloting was done in twelve secondary schools in Tharaka Nithi County. The study analysed quantitative data using descriptive statistics such as frequencies, percentages, and mean. It also carried out correlation analysis to test hypothesis. The study found that there was low professional advancement of staff working in the accounts office which was attributed to a failure of principals to push for the same, fearing that the staff may leave the school for greener pastures after the training. The study recommends that principals should make the initiative of ensuring that they motivate the accounting staff by equipping themselves with the skills and expertise for career advancement.Item Availability of Learning Resources and Management of KCSE Irregularities in Nairobi County, Kenya(2022-10) Mugambi, Samuel Kinoti; Kibaara, Tarsilla; Gichohi, PaulExaminations play a critical role in the education sector in assessing learners' knowledge and skill mastery. Therefore, they must be credible and free of irregularities. However, over the years, Kenya has seen an increase in examination malpractice. This has compelled the Kenya National Examination Council to devise some solutions to these problems. Despite the strict measures in place, several cases of KCSE examination irregularities every year are usually reported. This demonstrates that none of the existing measures have been able to eliminate examination malpractices, particularly in secondary schools in Nairobi County. This study investigated the impact of learning resource availability on the management of KCSE examination irregularities in Nairobi County, Kenya. The study population included all 99 secondary schools in Nairobi County, of which 80 were chosen. The descriptive survey design was used. The principal, dean of students, student leaders, and the county director of education were the units of observation. Data was gathered using an interview guide and questionnaires. The instruments were pre-tested to ensure their content, construct validity, and reliability. Data were analyzed by computing descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS. The study discovered a positive link between the availability and the management of KCSE irregularities. The study, therefore, concluded that adequate learning resources such as laboratory equipment, instructional or teaching aids, textbooks, revision books, a well-equipped school library, and spacious classrooms were very helpful in the management of examination irregularities. It recommended that sufficient funds be committed to developing school infrastructure, facilities, equipment, and learning resources and that the government, through the ministry of education, disburse adequate funds and material resources. The findings provide new insight on how to address examination irregularities.Item Effect of M-Shwari Loan Pricing on Uptake of Loans from NCBA in Meru County(EdinBurg Peer Reviewed Journals and Books Publishers Journal of Strategic Management, 2022-10) Mutegi, Jane; Gichohi, Paul; Rintari, NancyIn the last decade, Kenya has witnessed remarkable growth in digital lending products and platforms. However, the impact of these digital lending products on uptake of loans remains under-researched. The purpose of the study was to determine the effects of M- Shwari loan pricing on uptake of loans from NCBA Bank Kenya PLC in Meru County. The study was guided by the financial intermediation theory. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design. The target population was NCBA Bank Kenya PLC Meru Branch customers who utilize the bank's M-Shwari digital credit. The sample size was 380 respondents who were selected using a simple random sampling technique. Quantitative data was analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics. Qualitative data was analyzed thematically using conceptual content analysis. The study found that M-Shwari’s loan pricing was negatively and significantly related to the uptake of bank loans. The study concluded that M-Shwari’s loan pricing had a negative and significant relationship with uptake of bank loans among NCBA Bank Kenya PLC customers in Meru County. The study recommends that NCBA Bank Kenya PLC managers should charge lower interest to their customers, and should create awareness among their customers on considerations made in credit scoring of digital loans customers.Item Role of Resource Allocation in Implementing Anti-Corruption Strategies at Ethics and Anti-Corruption Commission in Kenya(International Journal of Professional Practice, 2021-10) Kireri, Jeremiah; Rintari, Nancy; Gichohi, PaulCorruption in its various forms is injurious and detrimental to economic growth, and has been identified as a key drawback in developing countries. As a result, governments all over the world have implemented a variety of policies to strengthen the battle against corruption. Despite adopting various anti-corruption policies, Kenyan corruption has been endemic and anti corruption strategy falls short of international standards. The aim of this analysis was to see how resource allocation influences anti-corruption strategy execution at Ethics and Anti-Corruption Commission (EACC) in Kenya. A case study design was used in this research. Employees of EACC were the target population. Eighty-five EACC respondents were deemed appropriate. A questionnaire was used to gather data, which was then analyzed descriptively where mean, standard deviation and chi-square were computed with the help of SPSS. A pretest was conducted prior to collection of data. The pretest was conducted among nine employees of EACC from various departments in Nyeri. The study found that Ethics and Anti-Corruption Commission was underfunded. As a result, its ability to procure required resources such as enough employees and information technologies is limited. Chi-square analysis showed that resource allocation was significant. The study therefore recommended that the national assembly of Kenya should allocate more financial resources to EACC to enhance the capacity of the agency in fighting corruption.Item The Relationship between Rules and Regulations and Students’ Discipline in Public Schools in Eldama Ravine Sub-County, Baringo Kenya(Journal of Education, 2021-09) Jeruto, Winnie; Gichohi, Paul; Mwenda, EricSchools offer education that is supposed to shape the moral behaviour of students by ensuring compliance to rules and regulations. However, students often do not follow these rules and regulations. This study assessed the influence of rules and regulations on students’ discipline in public secondary schools in Eldama Ravine Sub-County, Baringo, Kenya. Bandura self-efficacy theory was used. A descriptive survey was applied to collect data from 14 public secondary schools. The respondents were 215 teachers and 4,515 students. Forty-three teachers were sampled using a simple random sampling technique. Seventy-six students were sampled using stratified and purposive sampling techniques. Two sets of questionnaires were utilized to collect data; one for students and another for teachers. A pre-test was conducted in Batolimo boys’ high school in Baringo North Sub-County. School principals/deputies were also interviewed accordingly. The data were analyzed using SPSS to get descriptive statistics such as median, frequencies and percentage. Inferential statistics such as model summary, ANOVA and regression coefficients were used and results given using tables. The study attested that there was a problem with the present rules and regulations. This was because students were aware of the consequences of breaking the rules but still chose to be indiscipline. Hence, the study recommends that the teachers devise creative ways that could be used to offer alternative punishments to students. This study is relevant to school management since they can note the issues raised and develop various platforms such as class meetings that students get a chance to express what they feel needs to change on rules.Item Assessment of Innovative Money-Collecting Systems Strategy for Mobilizing Own-Source Revenue in Isiolo County Government(Journal of Finance & Accounting, 2021-09) Qanchora, Roba Abduba; Gichohi, Paul; Kambura, SusanThe county governments are expected to mobilize their own-sources revenue to bridge the gap in equity share. Despite the elaborate national fiscal policies and legislative frameworks on own-source revenue mobilization, many county governments, including Isiolo, have continued to report deficiency and inability to increase their own-source revenue, adversely affecting service delivery. This study was set out to assess the innovative money-collecting systems strategy for enhancing own-source revenue in Isiolo County. The rational expectations theory of technology guided it. A cross-sectional descriptive survey research design was applied. Data was collected from the revenue-generating departments and county assembly-budget and finance committee. Since the target population (60) was small, all were included in the study. The content, construct, face validity, and reliability were applied to check the quality of the questionnaire used in data collection. Mean, frequencies, percentage, and factor analysis were computed using statistical package for social sciences, while regression analysis was used to test the hypothesis. The study found that Isiolo County heavily relied on equity share to execute its functions despite gazetting own-source revenue streams. One drawback was the weak innovative money-collecting systems strategy. The study noted a weak electronic revenue collecting system, hence, loopholes in own-source revenue mobilization initiatives. The need to re-address innovative money-collecting systems strategy was evident; hence the county government should adopt e-billing, e-payment, and security controls systems in collecting own-source revenue. The findings have implications on systems for collecting own-source revenue, budgetary allocation and further affect practices in collecting own-source revenue in Isiolo County government and others.Item Utilization of Online Past Examination Papers and Academic Performance of Information Technology Students at Jomo Kenyatta University- Eldoret Campus(Journal of Education and Practice, 2020) Chelulei Kipkosgei, Kennedy; Gichohi, Paul; Irura, GracePurpose: The aim of this study was to determine the influence of utilization of online past examination papers on academic performance of IT students at Jomo Kenyatta University. Methodology: Descriptive survey research design was used in this study. Respondents were the 105 undergraduate students in Information Technology Department and 2 librarians in Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology-Eldoret Campus. They were sampled using stratified sampling, while Head of library and the library staff in charge of e-resources in JKUAT Eldoret Campus were purposively included in the study. Primary data was collected from students using closed-ended questionnaires, while interview guide was used on librarians. To ensure validity and reliability, pre-testing of research instruments was done on 20 undergraduate students of Mount Kenya university-Eldoret Campus in the department of Information Technology. D Descriptive statistics such as mean, percentage, frequencies and standard deviation, SPSS (version 22) was used in analysing data. Univariate and multiple regression analysis were used to test the hypothesis and overall model respectively. The results were presented using tables and explanations. Results: There is a positive and significant relationship between online past examination papers and academic performance of IT undergraduate students of Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology - Eldoret Campus. The study had a normal mean of 4.7 and standard deviation of 0.58. The online past examination papers had R estimation of 0.715. The P estimation of constant was significant (.000), consequently R square value was used. The R square estimation of 0.711 inferred that online past assessment papers anticipated 71.1% of the fluctuation in the academic performance. It had a beta of 0.504 at p<0.012 Unique contribution to theory, policy and practice: This study reports positive and significant relationship between online past examination papers and academic performance. The study recommends that more policies be developed so as to enable students to access diverse examinations papers, not only from JKUAT library, but also government examination bodies such as Kenya National Examination Council (KNEC). This will improve university students’ research skills and enhance their academic performance. The study contributes to the theory by acknowledging that an undergraduate student will always weigh various online electronic resources available based on their applicability to the student’s academic needs. If they suit their needs, the student will continue to utilize them further but when the needs are not met, the student stops utilizing the online past examination papers.Item Relationship between Knowledge Management and Innovative Work Behavior among Commercial Banks in Meru County, Kenya(Stratford Peer Reviewed Journals and Book Publishing Journal of Strategic Management, 2019) Ndwiga, Christine Mwendwa; Gichohi, Paul; Nkaabu, ClementTo examine the extent to which knowledge management (KM) influences innovative work behavior (IWB) among the staff of commercial banks in Meru County, Kenya. Descriptive survey design was adopted. A structured questionnaire used to collect data in 20 commercial banks in Meru town with a population of 213 using a clustered random sampling on a sample of 110 comprising of top, middle, and lower levels management. A response rate of 92% was established. Content & convergent validity ensured data quality while cronbach's alpha value (0.7) tested the reliability of the questionnaire. Data was analyzed using the SPSS software and computed using Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. Findings indicated a moderate positive correlation between KM and IWB. KM process (acquisition, sharing & application) was well established in banks processes. However, IWB process (idea generation, promotion and realization) was not well structured. Tacit knowledge requires knowledge champions as enabled by empowered leadership. To the knowledge of the authors, no previous studies have analyzed the relationship of KM and IWB nor the approach in the context of commercial banks in Meru County.Item Effect of Cash Management Automation on Financial Management in Meru County Government(International Journal of Finance, 2019) Mugambi, Bonface Mutuma; Gichohi, Paul; Kambura, SusanThe main purpose of the study was to find out if ICT adoption has a significant effect on financial management in the Meru County Government. Effective public financial management has attracted attention of many scholars in identifying the best practice and how to install fiscal disciplines. In search of good governance and sound financial management, the World Bank has been at the fore front in championing this aspect. Lack of effective financial management practices hinders effective service delivery. Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) theory is one of the model used to explain how technology is accepted by the users. Descriptive survey research design study was used. The population for this study composed of the Meru county government staff. The sample size was 70 respondents in total, questionnaires were used as the research tool whose validity and reliability was measured accordingly. Mean and regression analysis was computed when analyzing data. The findings established that Cash management automation enables county leadership to understand the true cost of service delivered by the county per activity; that Through Cash management automation, the county finance department is able to reconcile transactions data in real-timeOn Cash management automation the study concludes that successful cash management automation in any institution is essential due to difficulties that come with accessing credits whenever an organization is facing liquidity several constrains. From the findings on cash management automation the study recommends that automation systems should be fully implemented as it increases cash management. For Meru county Government to realize growth, investment in technology should be made in order to enhance service delivery and transparency in cash management.Item How Career Guidance Services Affect Career Choice among Public Secondary School Students in Meru County, Kenya(African Journal of Emerging Issues, 2019) Njogu, Sarah Wambeti; Kibaara, Tarsilla; Gichohi, PaulCareer guidance activities offered in public secondary schools are meant to assist students succeed in their careers after finishing O-level education. The knowledge that students acquires through career offices should therefore help them to remove confusion, anxiety, indecisiveness, and should empower them with information on clear career paths; relevant occupations in the context of their talents, academic abilities and market trends. The purpose of this study was to determine how career guidance services affect career choice among public secondary school students in Meru County, Kenya.However many secondary school students complete their studies without a clear understanding of the courses to enroll for upon joining institutions of higher learning. The study sought to examine the extent to which nature of career guidance services influence career choice of students in public secondary school in Meru County. Descriptive survey and correlational research designs were adopted in this study. Questionnaires and a structured interview schedule were used to collect data. Thirty six schools were sampled through stratified random sampling technique and an equal number of principals and career guidance teachers from sampled secondary schools obtained. Systemic sampling was used to sample 377 form four students while 11 parents were sampled using purposive sampling technique, making a total of 460 respondents. A pre-test on questionnaires was done to ensure validity while reliability was computed where Cronbach’s Alpha value was used. Data was then analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24 and Microsoft excel where, descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistic, that is, linear regression analysis was computed accordingly.The major findings were that most public secondary schools (78.8%) didn’t have professionally qualified career guidance teachers while 57.6% allocated less than 5% of operational budget to cater for career oriented activities.The study concluded that career guidance services were statistically significant in influencing career choice of students in public secondary schools. Establishment of fully fledged career guidance offices with well-trained career teachers and adequate funding can help achieve the planned career-oriented activities. This study recommends deliberate allocation of sufficient funds to run career guidance services and involvement of all in supporting this initiative.