School of Business and Economics

Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://41.89.31.6:4000/handle/123456789/320

Welcome to School of Business and Economics collection.This collection contains Journal articles published by faculty affiliated to the school.

Browse

Now showing 1 - 20 of 342

Agency Banking Strategy and Performance of Commercial Banks of Tier Three Banks in Kenya
(Academic Journal of Social Sciences and Education, 2025) Kinyua, Robert Muchiri; Kihara, Peter; Milui, Joshua
The performance of commercial banks in Kenya has increasingly been influenced by the adoption and utilization of agency banking, which plays a pivotal role in enhancing operational efficiency, customer engagement, and overall bank performance. This study investigates the influence of agency banking on the performance of tier-three commercial banks in Kenya, focusing specifically on the number of agents, agent network coverage, transaction volume through agents, and agent performance metrics. Grounded in Resource- Based Theory, the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), Diffusion of Innovations Theory, Bank-Led Theory, and Agency Theory, the research examines how the adoption and integration of agency banking affect key performance indicators. A descriptive research design was used, targeting all 21 tier-three commercial banks in Nairobi City County, with a sample population of 2,123 employees across senior, middle, and operational management. Primary data was collected through structured questionnaires distributed to a purposive sample of 273 employees. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive, diagnostic, and inferential statistical methods with SPSS Version 26.0. The findings revealed that agency banking significantly and positively influenced the organizational performance of tier-three banks in Kenya. The study concludes that enhancing agency banking strategies can improve the operational efficiency of these banks. Recommendations include expanding agent networks, optimizing transaction volumes, and improving agent performance metrics to maximize the potential of agency banking and ensure long-term success.
Alternative Dispute Resolution Diplomacy and its Impact on National Security, A Case Study on Banditry Attacks in Kenya
(Journal of Public Policy & Governance, 2025-05) Mutuma, Lillian Kagwiria; Riungu, Festus; Miluwi, Joshua
Communal conflict has been a global challenge that has hampered state of national security in many countries across the globe and SubSaharan has been mostly affected. In Kenya, communal conflicts has been a great threat to peace and stability, the Kenyan government has therefore invested a lot of resources to mitigate the problem. The wave of banditry attacks have spread recently to other neighbouring counties, Meru County and in particular the Igembe region being the most recent county to suffer from this wave. The aim of this study is to assess the influence of alternative dispute resolution, as a diplomatic avenue of enhancing national security. The study specifically investigate the influence of mediation, negotiation, conciliation and traditional dispute resolution mechanism in resolving banditry in the Igembe north subcounty of Meru County. The study was underpinned by theory of conflict, process of pluralism theory and the general theory on conflict and dispute. The study adopted mixed research methods where qualitative and quantitative results were triangulated. The study engaged national administration officers, religious leaders and village elders at the location level in the subcounty, thus census was appropriate as members from each location was represented by selected leaders. The study collected primary data using open ended questionnaire. The study undertook pilot from a selected location in the subcounty to test reliability and validity of research instuments. Data was analyzed using SPSS software and generated in form of descriptive and inferential statistics. Negotiations findings significantly affected national security enhancement. Conciliatory mechanisms has positive and significant effect on enhancing national security, focus on banditry attacks in Igembe North subcounty. Traditional dispute resolution has a positive and significant effect on enhancing national security, focus on banditry attacks in Igembe North Subcounty. The study concluded that mediation process and principles are fundamental in realizing cohesive society. The traditional dispute resolution provide homegrown solutions that is paramount in resolving conflict attributed to banditry attacks. The study recommended strengthening policy and legislation framework to harmonize the existing formal regulation to collaborate with this mechanism.
Analysis of Adhocracy Culture Implementation Approach and Performance of Universities in Kenya
(Journal of Strategic Management,, 2022) Chege, Susan Wairimu; Gichunge, Evangeline; Muema, Wilson
The recent increase in competition and insufficient government financing, as well as the government's increased focus on technical, vocational education training, have had a significant negative impact on higher education's service delivery and performance. The study sought to determine the effect of role culture implementation approach on university performance in Kenya. The study used a descriptive research approach, and its target population included 444 senior university employees from all 74 accredited universities in Kenya. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. Adhocracy culture insignificantly influenced universities’ performance by -13.3% (R square value of -0.133). The correlation value of (r=-.097, p<0.05) showed the negative relationship between adhocracy culture and universities’ performance. The chi-square value of χ2 (5) = 0.038, p=0.049 proved there was an insignificant relationship between adhocracy culture and universities’ performance. Adhocracy culture was insignificantly associated with placement and research output performance, university ranking, student placement by KUCCPS, and graduation rate. Organization managers must have a good understanding of the adhocracy culture that exists in universities and the impact it generates on typical performance. This is very important while making imperative decisions.
ANALYSIS OF FACTORS INFLUENCING BANKS’ CUSTOMER LOYALTY: CASE OF COMMERCIAL BANKS IN NAIROBI CBD, KENYA
(International Academic Journal of Human Resource and Business Administration, 2020-09) Kibui, Priscila Nyawira; Muriithi, Simon; Mbebe, James
Customer loyalty has been one of the top tools for a successful business. This study aimed to establish the factors that influence customer loyalty with reference to the case study of commercial banks in Kenya. This study focused on tier 1, tier 2 and tier 3 banks respectively. These banks have grown exponentially over the years and have a huge client base. This study had its underpinning on the theory of Disconfirmation. This theory argued that ‘client loyalty and satisfaction was related to the size and direction of the disconfirmation experience that occurs as a result of comparing service performance against expectations. The study adopted the descriptive survey design. The target population of this study was 1199327 bank customers (retail and corporate) in Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3 bank branches in Nairobi CBD. The study applied stratified and simple random sampling to select a sample of 384 respondents for the study. Data was collected by use of self-administered Semi structured questionnaire. Before the questionnaire was administered, consent was sought from the respondents. On completion, the researcher organized the data received, coded, edited and tabulated to check accuracy, completeness and storing it in appropriate form. Descriptive statistics such as frequencies, percentages, mean score and standard deviation were estimated for all the quantitative variables and information presented in form of tables. The qualitative data from the open-ended questions was analysed using conceptual content analysis and presented in prose. Inferential data analysis was done using regression and correlation analysis. The regression analysis was used to establish the relations between the independent and dependent variables. The Statistical Programme for Social Studies (SPSS) version 25 was used in the running of the statistical data output. The analyzed data was presented in form of narrative, bar graphs, pie charts and frequency tables. The study found that the bank employees are always willing to help and the services provided by the bank are reliable. The study the bank charges competitive interest rates on loans. The study also found that the bank was perceived to be strong and stable. The study further found that the customer is most satisfied with the multitude of products in the bank. The study concluded that product variety had the greatest effect on the customer loyalty on commercial banks in Nairobi, followed by service quality, then price regimes brand perception had the least effect to the customer loyalty on commercial banks in Nairobi. The study recommends that the banks should be focused on the quality of the product in order to sustain the loyalty of their quality seeking customers. The study recommends that the banks should strive to improve its image among the consumer by participating in various CSR projects that will enable them to offer support to people seeking growth opportunities.
Analysis of factors influencing implementation of procurement strategy among regulatory parastatals in Nairobi County
(Strategic journal, 2019-08-10) Ochola, Tubman; D., Gichunge, E.; Kiama, M.
The main purpose of this study was to determine the factors influencing implementation of procurement strategies among regulatory parastatals in Nairobi County, Kenya. Specifically, the study focused on the extent to which managerial competence, resource allocation, organizational structure and information communication technology affect procurement strategy implementation in regulatory parastatals in Nairobi County, Kenya. This study would be significant to the management regulatory parastatals in Nairobi County. The study would assist them formulate and design appropriate mechanisms to identify and overcome challenges in implementing procurement strategies so as to achieve the set goals, objectives and remain relevant in the ever-changing environment and position the regulatory parastatals strategically for success in the future. This study adopted descriptive research design and targeted 78 employees of regulatory parastatals in Nairobi County, Kenya. The study was carried out through a census; questionnaires were used in data collection. Quantitative approaches were used for data analysis whereby Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 23.0) was used to run descriptive and inferential statistics. The result indicated that, collectively Information communication technology has the highest positive influence on Strategic plan implementation, followed by resource allocation, managerial competence and organization structure. The findings suggested that, management in executive agencies should pay more attention on stakeholders and organizational culture if they have to benefit from those factors. The study concluded that, predictors individually and collectively influence execution of strategies. The findings were expected to be of value to the management and decision makers to form a basis for improving implementation of strategy. Furthermore, studies could be done to other variables which influence implementation of strategic plans but were not considered in this study or the same variables to different populations, locations and other sectors of economy in Kenya.
Analysis of factors influencing implementation of procurment strategy among regulatory parastatals in Nairobi County.
(STRATEGIC JOURNAL OF BUSINESS & CHANGE MANAGEMENT, 2019-08) Ochola, D,T; Gichunge, E.; Kiama, M.
The main purpose of this study was to determine the factors influencing implementation of procurement strategies among regulatory parastatals in Nairobi County, Kenya. Specifically, the study focused on the extent to which managerial competence, resource allocation, organizational structure and information communication technology affect procurement strategy implementation in regulatory parastatals in Nairobi County, Kenya. This study would be significant to the management regulatory parastatals in Nairobi County. The study would assist them formulate and design appropriate mechanisms to identify and overcome challenges in implementing procurement strategies so as to achieve the set goals, objectives and remain relevant in the ever-changing environment and position the regulatory parastatals strategically for success in the future. This study adopted descriptive research design and targeted 78 employees of regulatory parastatals in Nairobi County, Kenya. The study was carried out through a census; questionnaires were used in data collection. Quantitative approaches were used for data analysis whereby Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 23.0) was used to run descriptive and inferential statistics. The result indicated that, collectively Information communication technology has the highest positive influence on Strategic plan implementation, followed by resource allocation, managerial competence and organization structure. The findings suggested that, management in executive agencies should pay more attention on stakeholders and organizational culture if they have to benefit from those factors. The study concluded that, predictors individually and collectively influence execution of strategies. The findings were expected to be of value to the management and decision makers to form a basis for improving implementation of strategy. Furthermore, studies could be done to other variables which influence implementation of strategic plans but were not considered in this study or the same variables to different populations, locations and other sectors of economy in Kenya.
Analysis of the Related Party Transactions in terms of managerial and financial issues for the Kenyan Savings and Credit Cooperatives
(International Journal of Finance & Banking Studies, 2021-09) Nguta, Munene Halldess; Mugambi, Ken
Related party transactions are a key factor to the sustainability of Savings and Credit Cooperatives (SACCOs). In view of this fact, loans to directors and staff are viewed as a factor which can greatly influence savings and credit cooperatives into either falling into financial distress or helping them to remain a float and become financially stable entities. The stakeholder theory holds that entities should be managed a manner that will satisfy every stakeholder. The stewardship theory reiterates that managers have the organisation at heart and can it to profitability as if it were their own. However approval of loans and other transactions to managers and staff, may not positively impact the entity. This study was designed to establish the effect of related party transactions on the relationship between board characteristics and financial distress of deposit taking SACCOs in Nairobi County. We applied Descriptive research design on Deposit taking SACCOs in Nairobi County which was identified purposively while a census was conceded for all deposit taking SACCOs in the county. We obtained secondary data from SASRA using a data collection sheet after which we performed panel data analysis by use of STATA software. Findings were presented using tables. The study concluded that related party transactions influenced the relationship between board characteristics and financial distress of Deposit Taking SACCOs in Nairobi County. Related party transactions can be an avenue of causing financial distress and should be kept as low as possible. The regulator should come up with a tool based on Altman’s Z score models to predict financial distress in SACCOs in order to offer timely advice to alleviate more distress and consequent bankruptcy which may lead to closure of SACCOs. Another research may be carried out to establish other factors causing financial distress and how to turn around the SACCOs already in distress.
Analyzing the Course of Turmoil in Kenya’S Retail Sector
(THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BUSINESS & MANAGEMENT, 2018-08) Chesula, Osman Wechuli; Nkobe, Kenyoru Dennis
Purpose - The retail sector in Kenya is one of the main drivers of the Economy. This paper sought to empirically analyze the factors leading to the collapse of some of the major Supermarket chains and also to understand why some of them are struggling to operate. Design/methodology/approach -The conceptual paper is based on the critical analysis of important data from internal and external industry publications, published interviews, and Regulatory Authorities reports. Findings –It was evident that mismanagement and competition especially from online shopping are some of the main factors that have affected the retail chain sector. Supplier’s failure to facilitate continuous stocking and scrupulous employees has also contributed significantly to the failure of the retail chain sector in Kenya. Originality/value – This paper is the first to propose and provide a comprehensive insight into understanding the reasons for struggling and collapse of the major players in the retail chain industry. The paper also proposes scientific research to statistically explain the effect of each variable on the retail chains.
ANTECEDENTS OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND PERFORMANCE OF SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES IN FITNESS SECTOR IN NAIROBI COUNTY
(International Journal of Economics, Commerce and Management, 2021-09) Namwambah, Patrick Odeyo; Gichunge, Evangeline; Omanwa, Clemence Niyikiza
This study sought to establish antecedents of entrepreneurship and their effects on performance of SMEs in fitness sector in Nairobi County. The predictor variables were entrepreneurial training, networking, technology adoption and financial access and the dependent variable was performance of SMEs. The research adopted a descriptive research and a sample of all the 118 fitness SMEs that are formally registered by Nairobi City County licensing office and operating in Nairobi County. The study administered survey questionnaires to the owners or managers of the fitness firms who have been in the service for approximately three years or more with inferential statistics used to determine the relationships among variables. The analysis showed that financial access has the strongest positive influence on firm performance in addition; networking is positively correlated to firm performance. Entrepreneurial training and technology adoption showed a strong relationship with firm performance. The study recommends that firms should seek after networks to share ideas, relevant knowledge, skills and unique resources to succeed in a competing environment. These networks provide a platform through which gyms/health clubs should harness what they don’t possess to better their operations
Assessing how Dropping-Out of School due to FGM Influences Girls’ Transition from Primary to Secondary Schools in Narok South Sub-County, Narok County
((IJPP) International Journal of Professional Practice, 2025) Glory, Nkatha; Lucy, Ikiara; Johnson, Ikiugu Kaburu
Girls’ transition from primary to secondary schools is essential for their socioeconomic development and achievement in education for all. However, public primary schools report low transition rates (40% in 2024) of girls from primary to secondary schools, leading to their exclusion. Despite the presence of 100% transition guidelines and the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) goal two that requires all children to complete full course of primary education and transit to secondary schools, challenges persist in achieving this. This study investigated how drop- outs resulting from female genital mutilation impacts girls’ transition to secondary schools in Narok South Sub-County, Narok County. The study drew upon liberal feminism theory. The research employs a mixed-methods approach, utilizing a descriptive survey design. The target population included 179 head-teachers, 1,288 teachers and 6,998 girls. Krejcie and Morgan 1970 table was used to get a sample size of 118 head-teachers, 291 teachers and 361 girls that were proportionately stratified and randomly selected. Head-teachers were purposefully selected. Data collection tools included questionnaires for teachers and learners; and focus group discussions head-teachers, with validity and reliability assessed for all of them. The quantitative results were presented descriptively using tables and figures, while qualitative ones were presented thematically. The study confirmed that FGM practices negatively affected girls’ transition to secondary schools. Consequently, the study concludes that high dropout rates among girls caused by early marriages, teenage pregnancies, hemorrhage, prolonged healing process, psychosocial and psychological effects significantly impact the transition to secondary schools. The study recommends that Teachers Service Commission prioritize recruiting highly qualified and experienced guidance and counselling teachers in schools, and to fund sanitary kits. The ministry of education should come up with back-to-school policies, implement early drop-out detection guidelines, and build boarding facilities and girl conducive toiletries with water to ensure girls retention for improved transition.
Assessing the Influence of Market Competition on the Growth of Deposit-Taking Savings and Credit Cooperative Societies in Meru County
(Journal of Entrepreneurship & Project Management, 2025-08-11) Faith Kinya, Ngutiku; Paul Maku, Gichohi; Paul, Kirigia
The study sought to assess the influence of market competition on the growth of deposit-taking Savings and Credit Cooperative Societies in Meru County. A mixed-method approach using both quantitative and qualitative data was employed. Data were gathered from 10 DT-SACCO headquarters in Meru County through a descriptive survey design. Respondents included 10 purposively sampled branch managers and 170 randomly sampled officers. Data collection methods included interviews, questionnaires, and secondary financial reports. Validity and reliability were assessed using various methods, including Cronbach’s alpha. SPSS version 27 was used for both descriptive and inferential statistical analysis. Data collected through questionnaires established that the management had consciously worked to make sure that DT- SACCOs were known as customer-focused to provide products and services effectively. To be able to accomplish this, the institutions employed qualified professionals with expertise in cost management, which encouraged the effective use of resources. However, the study found that staff members were not included in the decision-making process. Interview replies indicated that marketing campaigns, joint ventures with other corporations to boost sales, and cost leadership were the kinds of market competitiveness tactics used in DT-SACCOs. At a 99% significance level and α < 0.001, the market competition correlation coefficient value was r = r=0.609. This showed that market competition had a moderately high influence on growth. The coefficient for market competition is 0.490 with a significance value of 0.01. Therefore, the model was Y = 19.601 + 0.490X1 + 3.063e. Notably, without the inclusion of the market competition, the growth of DT-SACCOs would be 19.601. The outcome noted from the findings recommends the need for the management to develop policies to emphasize on how staff can be included in making decisions to improve their commitment level to the organization and take advantage of market competition. If there are policies that encourage staff involvement in decision-making, it will enhance cohesion and effective operations. The study recommends that, in terms of technology adoption, there is a need to give priority to cybersecurity and consistent training in technology, to reduce operational risk exposure. Therefore, the solidification of IT is expected to uphold the reputation of the DT-SACCOs as key financial providers.
Assessment of Debt Securities on Performance of Commercial Banks in Nyeri County, Kenya
(EdinBurg Peer Reviewed Journals and Books Publishers: Journal of Finance and Accounting, 2023-08) Gathua, Lee Ng’ang’a; Rintari, Nancy; Muema, Wilson
The study investigated the effect of debt securities on performance of commercial banks in Nyeri County, Kenya. The study used quantitative descriptive research design and target population comprised 16 commercial banks in Nyeri County, Kenya. The respondents comprised 194 respondents in various departments. The study analyzed descriptive statistics like frequencies, percentages and mean. Inferential statistics including correlation and regression analysis were also used. The result of secondary data on financial performance pointed the gross profit had the highest average mean of 3.2 while net profit had the lowest mean. An observation of the years indicated that the gross and net profits for the banks were highest in 2019, followed by 2022 while 2020 recorded the lowest annual profits. Debt securities had a Pearson correlation coefficient r=0.312** at α < 0.000 and a 99% significance level. Therefore, the null hypothesis was rejected since the R-value was less than 1. The study concluded that performance was positively impacted but some products such as commercial papers were unattractive to clients due to high risks of poor performance in wealth generation. This situation was fueled further by the low training on its applicability towards boosting the income levels of both the bank and client’s portfolio. The study recommends that the branch managers should develop policy structure that requires mandatory frequent training on staff to understand how not only main stream banking products operate but also securities such as commercial papers. Further, the board of management should assess the risk-return aspect of selected debt securities like the types of commercial papers to ascertain the ones which are riskier than the rest.
Assessment of Factors Influencing Youth Participation in Agri-Business in Kericho County, Kenya
(THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BUSINESS & MANAGEMENT, 2019-06) Maritim, Kalya Dennis; Kirimi, Dorothy; Njeru, Erick Mutiiria
The purpose of this research was to analyze the assessment of factors influencing youth participation in Agri-business in Kericho County. The specific objectives were; to assess influence of youth attitudes towards youth participation in Agribusiness in Kericho County, to establish the influence of access to credit facility towards youth participation in Agri-business in Kericho County, to examine influence of access to land towards youth participation in Agri-business in Kericho County and to determine influence of perceived benefits towards youth participation in Agri-business in Kericho County. The target population of this study consisted of 7560 youths who are registered with youth groups that currently engage in various agribusinesses in the Kericho County. The sample size for this study was 384 which was derived using fisher 1998 formula. Stratified and random sampling was used where 384 respondents was sampled from a population of 7560 youth that currently engaged in 504 agribusinesses groups in the Kericho County. In this study, the questionnaire was utilized in data collection and data collected was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The study used SPSS version 23 as a tool for data analysis. The results revealed a positive and significant relationship youth attitudes and youth participation in Agri-business in Kericho County. The results further revealed that access to credit facility affect youth participation in Agribusiness in Kericho County positively and significantly. The result also indicated that access to land affect youth participation in Agri-business in Kericho County positively and significantly. The study findings also indicated that the correlation between perceived benefits and youth participation in Agri-business in Kericho County was positive and significant. This implies that an improvement in the indicators of perceived benefits positively leads to an increase in youth participation in Agri-business in Kericho County. The study findings recommended that Kericho County to invest more in youth attitudes, access to credit facility and access to land practices as these practices improves the youth participation in Agri-business.
Assessment of Factors Influencing Youth Participation in Agri-Business in Kericho County, Kenya
(THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BUSINESS & MANAGEMENT, 2019-06) Kalya Maritim, Dennis; Kirimi, Dorothy; Mutiiria Njeru, Erick
The purpose of this research was to analyze the assessment of factors influencing youth participation in Agri-business in Kericho County. The specific objectives were; to assess influence of youth attitudes towards youth participation in Agri- business in Kericho County, to establish the influence of access to credit facility towards youth participation in Agri-business in Kericho County, to examine influence of access to land towards youth participation in Agri-business in Kericho County and to determine influence of perceived benefits towards youth participation in Agri-business in Kericho County. The target population of this study consisted of 7560 youths who are registered with youth groups that currently engage in various agribusinesses in the Kericho County. The sample size for this study was 384 which was derived using fisher 1998 formula. Stratified and random sampling was used where 384 respondents was sampled from a population of 7560 youth that currently engaged in 504 agribusinesses groups in the Kericho County. In this study, the questionnaire was utilized in data collection and data collected was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The study used SPSS version 23 as a tool for data analysis. The results revealed a positive and significant relationship youth attitudes and youth participation in Agri-business in Kericho County. The results further revealed that access to credit facility affect youth participation in Agri- business in Kericho County positively and significantly. The result also indicated that access to land affect youth participation in Agri-business in Kericho County positively and significantly. The study findings also indicated that the correlation between perceived benefits and youth participation in Agri-business in Kericho County was positive and significant. This implies that an improvement in the indicators of perceived benefits positively leads to an increase in youth participation in Agri-business in Kericho County. The study findings recommended that Kericho County to invest more in youth attitudes, access to credit facility and access to land practices as these practices improves the youth participation in Agri-business.
Assessment of Innovative Money-Collecting Systems Strategy for Mobilizing Own-Source Revenue in Isiolo County Government
(Journal of Finance & Accounting, 2021-09) Qanchora, Roba Abduba; Gichohi, Paul; Kambura, Susan
The county governments are expected to mobilize their own-sources revenue to bridge the gap in equity share. Despite the elaborate national fiscal policies and legislative frameworks on own-source revenue mobilization, many county governments, including Isiolo, have continued to report deficiency and inability to increase their own-source revenue, adversely affecting service delivery. This study was set out to assess the innovative money-collecting systems strategy for enhancing own-source revenue in Isiolo County. The rational expectations theory of technology guided it. A cross-sectional descriptive survey research design was applied. Data was collected from the revenue-generating departments and county assembly-budget and finance committee. Since the target population (60) was small, all were included in the study. The content, construct, face validity, and reliability were applied to check the quality of the questionnaire used in data collection. Mean, frequencies, percentage, and factor analysis were computed using statistical package for social sciences, while regression analysis was used to test the hypothesis. The study found that Isiolo County heavily relied on equity share to execute its functions despite gazetting own-source revenue streams. One drawback was the weak innovative money-collecting systems strategy. The study noted a weak electronic revenue collecting system, hence, loopholes in own-source revenue mobilization initiatives. The need to re-address innovative money-collecting systems strategy was evident; hence the county government should adopt e-billing, e-payment, and security controls systems in collecting own-source revenue. The findings have implications on systems for collecting own-source revenue, budgetary allocation and further affect practices in collecting own-source revenue in Isiolo County government and others.
Assessment of Strategic Communication and Medical Employees’ Performance of County Referral Hospitals in Central Region Economic Bloc, Kenya
(Journal of Strategic Management, 2024-07-23) Karatu, Eunice Nkatha; Mutunga, Stephen Laititi; Rintari, Nancy
Employees play a critical role in achieving firms’ objectives. However, most Kenyan hospitals are suffering from low medical employee performance due to communication failure. The purpose of the study was to determine the influence of strategic communication on medical employees’ performance in county referral hospitals in the central region economic bloc, of Kenya. Explanatory research design was used to collect data from a target population of 10 referral hospitals in Tharaka Nithi, Embu, Nyeri, Meru, Kiambu, Murang’a, Nakuru, Nyandarua, Laikipia, and Kirinyaga. The respondents were 1,804 medical employees including medical officers, doctors, nurses, pharmacists, specialists, and therapists. A sample size of 327 medical staff was selected using a simple random method, who were issued with closed. Piloting was conducted at Machakos County referral hospital whereby 33 medical officers took part in answering the questionnaires. In relation to reliability, Cronbach's Alpha coefficient was used to determine the suitability of the research instruments. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics such as frequencies and percentages, mean, and standard deviation. An inferential statistic like Pearson correlation was determined and the results presented using tables and explanations. The study established that strategic communication optimizes the performance of medical employees in county referral hospitals. Therefore, the study concluded that by encouraging employees to adopt innovative work practices, healthcare organizations can enhance individual performance and maximize the overall impact of strategic communication. The recommendations are that hospital leaders should provide timely feedback, foster effective vertical communication channels, and utilize various communication channels and technology.
Assessment of the Effect of Social Participation on Financial Inclusion of Northern Rangeland Trust women groups, Kenya.
(International Journal of Finance, 2022-10) Ali, Fatuma Hussein; Mutea, Fredrick; Moguche, Abel
Purpose: To assess the effect of social participation on financial inclusion of Northern Rangeland Trust women groups, Kenya. Methodology: The current study used descriptive research design to collect quantitative and qualitative data. The target population was 10 women groups registered in Northern Rangeland Trust in Laikipia County. The respondents were 10 chairladies, 10 secretaries, 10 treasurers, and 152 women members. Women group leaders were interviewed while the women who were members of self-help groups answered the questionnaire. The study conducted pre-test on 1 women group in Samburu County selected using simple random method. The study also sampled 1 chairlady, 1 secretary, 1 treasurer and 15 women members. Chairladies, secretaries and treasurers were selected using purposive sampling method while the members were selected using simple random sampling method. The descriptive statistics such as frequencies, percentages and median were computed. The findings were presented using descriptive tables, figures and narratives for ease of understanding the results. Inferential analysis to be generated included model summary to test the level of influence, analysis of variance to test hypothesis and regression coefficients to test the study’s model. Diagnostic tests such as normality, linearity, multicolinearity, heteroskedasticity, and autocorrelation were tested. The study used multiple regression analysis in order to determine the relationship between linking social capital and financial inclusion of women groups in northern rangeland trust, Laikipia county, Kenya. Results: The results from the questionnaires revealed, 39(29%) and 26(19%) strongly agreed and agreed correspondingly that women groups were able to access to financial services e.g., accounting services at subsidized rates after partnering with NGOs such as NRT. However, 80(60%) and 27(20%) strongly disagreed and disagreed correspondingly that there has been availability of financial opportunities on investments as a result of women groups selling products to internal and external promoters. The R coefficient was 0.863 while R-Square was 0.745. This meant that social networks had a 74.5% influence on financial inclusion. The significance value was 0.009 which was less than 0.05. The study therefore rejected null hypothesis that social participation does not have significant effect on financial inclusion of Northern Rangeland Trust women groups, Kenya. The results from the interviews revealed, the various types of financial knowledge women in groups were bound to get that enabled them have outstanding performances in their projects as book-keeping, reconciliation and auditing. Additionally, the ways that NRT linked women to access financial services included connecting them with various accounting firms, accountants, financial managers and auditors. Further, the selection criteria that they used to rule out women groups that got access to financial opportunities on investments included availability of memorandum of association, group minutes and application status to NRT. Unique contribution to theory, policy and practice: In as much as women were in a position of getting finances, the full access to financial opportunities was limited. This is whereby many groups of women had to rely on few economic activities that were majorly pegged on the directions given by both national and county governments. The study recommends that on social participation, there should be awareness raised by local leaders on available financial opportunities that women would engage locally to raise money. Various non-government organizations should encourage women to start various non-tradition business and explore wider on fields such as forex trading, online jobs, application of both local and international tenders among others. This would give an upper hand towards promoting more financial opportunities.
Assessment of the Effects of Hiv related Stigma on Self-Esteem to Pupils in Public Primary Schools in Kiambu County
(International Academic Journal of Arts and Humanities, 2021-08) Wambugu, Jennifer Wangari; Wamalwa, Benard; Kivanguli, Gregory
There was little focus in Kenya to mental health, such as the stigma of children who have been infected with HIV and/or students and social relationships. In compared with other peers, children who live with HIV/AIDs might have a lower social status which could lead to higher difficulties managing their HIV/AIDs diagnosis and/or treatment regimes. The requirement for an accurate evaluation of health needs of the community concerned is a key step in the resolution of this problem. Studies aimed at determining the impact on the afflicted and/or infected children of HIV factors are therefore clearly justified. The study was guided by the following objectives: to study the impact of discrimination on self-esteem of pupils in Kiambu County public elementary schools; to assess the effects on self-esteem of pupils of primary public schools in Kiambu County of denying services and socialization; and to evaluate the effects on self-esteem of pupils in the Kiambu County public primary schools. Inadequate finances and a time limit were some of the constraints of the investigation. Based on the study goals, literature has been examined. In the theoretical context, the researcher employed psychosocial and Maslow theory. A descriptive design research and explanatory research utilizing survey design and cross-sectional survey design was employed in this study. Public school students in class seven and eight in Kiambu County, which totaled 2,000, were the demographic of interest. The sample size was 333 students based on the Yamane formula with an assurance level of 95%, which corresponds to 16.65% of the overall population. The gathering of primary data was performed using a survey data process. Standardized questionnaires contributed to the investigation of a large population. Mainly the interview was used for head teachers and a few teachers to gather information especially on performance and interventions put in place to curb HIV/AIDs. The researcher used descriptive data analysis technique which includes mean, frequencies, standard deviations and percentages. The researcher used SPSS to be able to come up with comprehensive data. The researchers concluded from the above-mentioned research that the motivation certainly has an important impact on employee productivity and the impact of the questionnaire submitted by the respondents. The results in the study presents the tangible sorting of how effects of HIV/AIDs stigma related issues in question are responsible for learners self esteem and their overall schools’ performance in general. The study recommends that since stigmatization was found to affect negatively the pupils’ self esteem, Teachers should consider offering training on how to ensure that all the pupils learn how to coexist without other children gossiping about the pupils affected or infected with HIV/AIDs. Teachers also need to build a supportive organizational culture through training courses for efficient use of support services, communication and education programs in schools.
An Assessment of the Relationship Between the Price Tariffs of a Christian-Affiliated Guesthouse and Customer Choice Behavior in Nairobi County
(Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management,, 2024-09) Nyaga, Dorothy K.; Muchai, Peter; Laimaru, Susan
Purpose: To assess the relationship between the price tariffs of a Christian-affiliated guesthouse and customer choice behavior in Nairobi County. Methodology: Descriptive survey research design was used on a target population of the study comprising 13 Christian Affiliated Guest houses registered with the Christian Guest Houses Association of Kenya (CGHAK) in Nairobi County. The total number of respondents was 723, including all guesthouse general managers (13), two supervisors (Front Office and Food and Beverage Supervisors) from each guesthouse (26), and all customers based on the average occupancy (684). A census sampling method was used to select guesthouse managers (13) and supervisors (26). Further, the random sampling method was used to obtain the 252 customer respondents. Closed and open-ended questionnaires were used to obtain data from 252 CAG guests while an interview schedule was used to obtain data from 26 CAG supervisors and 13 CAG general managers. For piloting, this study used one randomly selected CAG (10%) in Kiambu and obtained 1 manager, 2 supervisors, and 25 guests (10%) as respondents. Cronbach alpha was used to measure reliability. For validity, the instrument was piloted before the actual data collection process. Quantitative data such as mean and standard deviation was analyzed using SPSS whereas thematic method was used to analyze qualitative data. Data was presented using tables and figures. Results: The highest mean score was observed on the dimension of mode of payment which had an average score of 4.22. This observation implied that one of the reasons that could be attracting guests to remain loyal to a particular guesthouse is a mode of payment of bills the guesthouse has adopted. The least mean rating was observed on fair price tariffs, with an average score of 4.22. This is an indication that fairness in the price tariffs, as a dimension of Price Tariff, is not such an important factor when it comes to choosing a guesthouse. Again, this rolls back to service provisions. That is, an individual would be more willing to pay more as long as the service will meet his/her expectations. Nonetheless, the fact that the fairness of price tariffs was not such an important factor, the overall mean response of 3.9. Conclusions and Recommendations: The study concluded that price tariffs had a positive influence on customer choice behavior. This was based on the fact that versatility of modes paying bills ensured that there was efficiency and convenience in payments. The study recommends that more attention should be paid by the management to payment modes such as mobile money since it promotes security and convenience to the guests.
An Assessment of the Relationship Between the Price Tariffs of a Christian-Affiliated Guesthouse and Customer Choice Behavior in Nairobi County
(Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 2024-09) Nyaga, Dorothy Kathambi; Muchai, Peter; Laimaru, Susan
Purpose: To assess the relationship between the price tariffs of a Christian-affiliated guesthouse and customer choice behavior in Nairobi County. Methodology: Descriptive survey research design was used on a target population of the study comprising 13 Christian Affiliated Guest houses registered with the Christian Guest Houses Association of Kenya (CGHAK) in Nairobi County. The total number of respondents was 723, including all guesthouse general managers (13), two supervisors (Front Office and Food and Beverage Supervisors) from each guesthouse (26), and all customers based on the average occupancy (684). A census sampling method was used to select guesthouse managers (13) and supervisors (26). Further, the random sampling method was used to obtain the 252 customer respondents. Closed and open-ended questionnaires were used to obtain data from 252 CAG guests while an interview schedule was used to obtain data from 26 CAG supervisors and 13 CAG general managers. For piloting, this study used one randomly selected CAG (10%) in Kiambu and obtained 1 manager, 2 supervisors, and 25 guests (10%) as respondents. Cronbach alpha was used to measure reliability. For validity, the instrument was piloted before the actual data collection process. Quantitative data such as mean and standard deviation was analyzed using SPSS whereas thematic method was used to analyze qualitative data. Data was presented using tables and figures. Results: The highest mean score was observed on the dimension of mode of payment which had an average score of 4.22. This observation implied that one of the reasons that could be attracting guests to remain loyal to a particular guesthouse is a mode of payment of bills the guesthouse has adopted. The least mean rating was observed on fair price tariffs, with an average score of 4.22. This is an indication that fairness in the price tariffs, as a dimension of Price Tariff, is not such an important factor when it comes to choosing a guesthouse. Again, this rolls back to service provisions. That is, an individual would be more willing to pay more as long as the service will meet his/her expectations. Nonetheless, the fact that the fairness of price tariffs was not such an important factor, the overall mean response of 3.9 Conclusions and Recommendations: The study concluded that price tariffs had a positive influence on customer choice behavior. This was based on the fact that versatility of modes of paying bills ensured that there was efficiency and convenience in payments. The study recommends that more attention should be paid by the management to payment modes such as mobile money since it promotes security and convenience to the guests.