School of Medicine and Health Sciences
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Welcome to School of Medicine and Health Sciences collection.This collection contains Journal articles published by faculty affiliated to the school.
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Item Determinants of Utilization of Home-Based Care in Kisumu County.(International Journal of Health Sciences, 2024-08) Ratori, Erick Enock; Oluoch, Musa; Mwangi, MuthoniPurpose: To examine the factors influencing the utilization of Home-Based Care in Kisumu Central. It examined the influence of predisposing factors, enabling factors, the environment and Health Behaviors on utilization of Home-Based Care. Methodology: This was a mixed research design which employed both qualitative and quantitative methods to examine and characterize the elements that impact the use of home-based care. The study samples consist of 120 respondents selected from among home based care users. The data was collected through structured questionnaires that were self-administered to home-based care users. The collected data was quantitative and analyzed using descriptive and statistical tools like SPSS (version27). The findings were displayed in tables. Descriptive statistics, Bivariate correlation and multivariate regression models were utilized to determine the relationship between the independent and dependent variables. Findings: The study found that predisposing factors, enabling factors, the environment and health behaviors were significant factors influencing the utilization of home-based care in Kisumu Central Sub County with significant p=.000 each. Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy (recommendations): Theory: The study challenges traditional theories by demonstrating that predisposing factors, enabling factors and the environment are more significant than health behaviors in influencing Home-Based Care utilization. Policymakers should implement strategies that target investments in and support for Home Based Care as a vital component of healthcare delivery, particularly for individuals with chronic illnesses and those requiring personalized and accessible care within their homes.Item Influence of Healthcare Provider Training on the Survival Rate of Cardiac Arrest Among Adults in Kenya(Journal of Medicine, Nursing and Public Health,, 2024-04) Tole, Eunice; Njoroge, Kezia; Oluoch, MusaThe study purpose was to determine the influence of healthcare provider training on the survival rate of cardiac arrest among adults in Kenya. A cross-sectional design was used to collect data from 402 nurses in Machakos Level 5 Hospital, Muranga Level 5 Hospital, and the Aga Khan University Hospital, Nairobi. Descriptive and inferential statistics were examined and the findings were presented through tables, figures, and explanations. The major results of the questionnaire provided 280(77%) nurses were of a positive opinion on the relevance of CPR in their work jurisdiction. Therefore, out of 191(60%) who attended CPR training, 143(45%) had completed the training to get a certificate. Further, 207(64%) had acquired BLS training and 170(53%) had heart saver training. In the training, 273(85%) noted that they had gained teamwork skills while at the same time, 285(88%) said that they were able to use patient simulators that enabled them to gain relevant skills applicable during actual occurrence. That notwithstanding, 193(60%) had no training in ACLS while 186(58%) did not get life support training every 2 years. More discouraging was that 149(46%) never got a chance to put into practice their CPR skills at a team-based CRP event therefore .145(45%) lacked the actual real- life experience to respond to a CPR. It was also noted that 188(59%) nurses were not in a position to administer medication in a CPR occurrence since they lacked training in advanced life support. Further, the regression results indicated that the Pearson correlation coefficient of r was 0.495** at α < 0.002 and 99% significance level. Therefore, since the correlation values were less than 1 and significance level was less than 0.05, the study rejected the null hypothesis. It was concluded that healthcare provider training had a significant influence on the survival rate of cardiac arrest among adults. Healthcare providers lacked advanced professional skills such as ACLS training and lacked the zeal and discipline to consistently attend CPR training every 2 years. Hospitals were noted to have poor implementation of policies that guided the correct exposure to CPR management to all healthcare providers. The recommendations on the healthcare provider training are that the hospital management should enact learning and development policies that make it mandatory for various staff in different units to attend CPR training. Additionally, the medical staff should improve awareness through internal forums such as hospital workers' unions on the need to acquire advanced professional skills such as ACLS training.Item Training Influence on the Performance of Mental Health Professionals in Selected Public Psychiatric Hospitals Kenya(Journal of the Kenya National Commission for UNESCO, 2024) Wambu, Fredrick; Oluoch, Musa; Tenambergen, TenambergenPublic hospitals have been struggling with issues related to low general performance and personnel productivity. Concerns have been raised about differences in study leave and training received by employees at public health facilities, which explain why employee performance is low. There are serious consequences when employee well-being is not addressed through good training. Failing to prioritize their training can result in increased rates of disengagement, absenteeism, and turnover. The objective of this study is to evaluate how training influence performance of mental health professionals. The study adopted mixed methodologies in a cross-sectional descriptive research design. About 146 mental health professionals, were sampled using stratified random proportionate sampling. Purposive sampling was used to select ten key informants. Content analysis was used on qualitative data, descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze quantitative data. The study findings show there is a correlation between training and employee relations (r=0.584, p<0.001), between training and appraisal (r=0.529, p<0.001), between training and remuneration (r=0.415, p<0.001) between training and performance (r=0.280, p < 0.001). This study recommends that in order to maximize employee performance, hospital management should prioritize the ongoing skill development of their staff. Only via ongoing training and development procedures is this achievable.Item Enhancing Productivity in Laikipia County's Public Health Facilities: The Role of Motivational Strategies for Healthcare Workers(Academic Journal of Health Systems and Reform (AJHSR), 2024-06) Lekurtut, Christine; Oluoch, Musa; Muiruri, LilianThis study investigated the influence of motivational strategies on the productivity of health workers providing medical services in public health facilities within Laikipia County. With healthcare delivery being a critical aspect of societal well-being, understanding the factors that affect the performance of healthcare professionals is essential for optimizing service provision. Motivation plays a pivotal role in driving employee performance, and this research aims to explore the relationship between motivational strategies and the productivity of health workers. Using a mixed-methods approach, data was collected through surveys and interviews conducted among healthcare professionals working in various public health facilities across Laikipia County. The survey questionnaire assessed perceptions of motivational strategies implemented in the workplace, while semi- structured interviews provided insights into the experiences and perspectives of health workers regarding motivation and productivity. Preliminary findings suggest that motivational strategies such as recognition, career advancement opportunities, training and development, and supportive work environments significantly impact the productivity of health workers. Positive reinforcement and acknowledgment of achievements emerged as particularly effective motivational tools in enhancing job satisfaction and performance among healthcare professionals. The findings underscore the need for targeted interventions aimed at fostering a conducive work environment and promoting employee motivation to improve the quality and efficiency of healthcare delivery in underserved regions.Item Determinants of Health Facility Preparedness in the Management of Gender Based Violence in Kenya: A Case of Primary Health Facilities in Mombasa County(Journal of Popular Education in Africa., 2023-09) Onkoba, Phyllys Kemunto; Tenambergen, Wanja; Oluoch, MusaGender based violence (GBV) is a significant obstacle to achieving human rights and sustainable development goals. the study aimed at establishing the determinants of health facility preparedness in the management of GBV: A case of PH facilities in Mombasa County. Descriptive cross-sectional research design was used in establishing the factors influencing health facility preparedness in the management of GBV. The study focused on health workers working Mombasa County Primary health (PH) facilities including the hospital administrators, medical officers, clinical officers, nurses, counsellor, psychiatrists, pharmacists and lab technicians working in Level 2, Level 3 and Level 4 health facilities. The study employed the random sampling approach where all the elements had equal chances of being chosen. The study sample was 334 which was 16.4% of the target population. A questionnaire was used in collecting the necessary data aimed at fulfilling the purpose of this study. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 25 and both descriptive and analytic statistics were done. Pearson correlations was used to assess the strength of the association between the study variables. Finally, the multiple regression was run in order to find out the collective predictive power of the independent factors on the dependent variables. The study found and concluded that that budget allocation, health information management system and professionalism were significant factors in influencing the PH facilities preparedness in the management of GBV with significant value of .000 each. Further, the study concludes that physical infrastructure was an insignificant determinant of the PH facilities preparedness in the management of GBV with significance value of .084Item Determinants of utilization of National Health Insurance Fund cover in public health facilities by public health care workers in Makueni County(International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health, 2022-11) Muia, Angeline M.; Njoroge, Kezia; Oluoch, MusaBackground: Robust healthcare funding systems are seen as critical for guaranteeing universal healthcare access. This implies that health services should be adequately accessible to everyone ensuring health situation doesn’t reduce the patient and their family to poverty making analysis of determinants of National Health Insurance Fund (NHIF) cover utilization critical. Methods: Descriptive research design was used to study utilization of NHIF cover among health professionals in public hospitals in Makueni County. Stratified random sampling technique was used to sample the facilities across the different levels. The study sample was 291 from a target population of 1183 health professional. The data was collected using structured questionnaires. Statistical package for social science (SPSS version 25) was used to code and analyze the raw data. Pearson's coefficient of correlation and multiple regressions were used to assess the association between determinants and NHIF utilization. Results: The study found and concluded that at the significance level of 95%, alternative insurance covers, perceived quality of health services and NHIF communication strategy significantly influenced utilization of NHIF cover by public health care workers at α=0.05. On the other hand, NHIF scheme characteristic was an insignificant determinant of utilization of NHIF cover among public health care workers in Makueni County. Conclusions: The study concludes alternative insurance covers, NHIF scheme characteristics, perceived quality of health services influenced utilization of NHIF cover and NHIF communication strategy influenced utilization of NHIF cover among health workers.Item Determinants Of Effective Implementation Of Health Management Information System: A Case Of Wajir County Kenya(Researchjournali's Journal Of Public Health, 2018-02) Ahmed, Sugow Bishar; Onyango-Osuga, Ben; Oluoch, Musa; Mwaura, Dr WanjaThe general objective of this study is to establish the determinants of effective implementation of Health Management Information System, a case of Wajir County, Kenya. The study was pegged to the following four specific objectives; health information management practices, technology, human resource and stakeholders. The study employed a descriptive survey research design to gain knowledge and understanding of the design and implementation of health information systems using Wajir County as a case study. The target population of this study was Health Information Officers, Sub County Health Management Team and hospital departmental Managers of the six sub counties of Wajir county. This study used an interview guide and a questionnaire to collect primary data. Data analysis used SPSS to generate quantitative reports through tabulations, percentages, and measures of central tendency. Based on the study observations the study concludes that health information management practices influence the implementation of Health Management Information System to very great extent. Although there was Internet connection in Wajir County, the Internet connection was not reliable. The study noted that the common internet connections utilised in the Wajir County was 2G of 3G with very few facilities utilizing 3G network connections. The findings also reveal top management of health facilities played a key role in the implementation of Health Management Information System. However, majority of the respondents indicated that the monitoring and evaluation function was weak in many of the facilities in Wajir County. The study recommends that the government should provide adequate infrastructure in the form of computers, internet connection and office space if necessary with the help of funds available with each institution. Take measures to involve the private sector through regular consultations and bringing in requisite legislations so that a comprehensive picture of the health status in the country could be obtained. Ensure the resources to strengthen data utilization are developed and distributed to every facility in the County for example manuals, standard operating procedures, research results and equipment like computers. The county should also improve the skills and competency of the staff with regard to data interpretation, use of information and evidence-based decision making through regular training programmes. Training related to HMIS activities should be conducted regularly in a planned manner with adequate and timely release of funds. There should be clear guidelines for the type of reporting and management of different data elements. Management of Wajir County Government should strengthen the Monitoring and evaluation function in health facilities with a view of enhancing efficiency and effectiveness in these facilities.Item MOTIVATIONAL FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE RETENTION OF NURSING FACULTY IN KIAMBU NURSE TRAINING INSTITUTIONS(Journal of Health, Medicine and Nursing, 2018) Susan, Wanja Nyambura; Mwaura-Tenambergen, Wanja; Oluoch, MusaPurpose: The main purpose of this study was to establish the motivational factors that influence retention of nursing faculty in Kiambu County. Methodology: The study design was descriptive cross-sectional. The study population comprised nursing faculty currently working in Nursing Council of Kenya registered Institutions in Kiambu County. The total population of full time nurse educators in the 7 NCK registered schools in Kiambu County was approximately 50. Census sampling method was used where the entire nursing faculty in Kiambu County. The study used questionnaires to collect the required data. Descriptive statistics was used mainly to summarize the data. SPSS was used for analysing complex data. Data presentation was through the use of pie charts, and frequency tables. Results: The study findings revealed that there was a significant relationship between the effect of career development opportunity and the period of time the faculty had worked in the current organization. Availability of human resources was cited by 50% of the respondents as the work environment factor requiring improvement. Majority (66.7%) of the respondents said management of their respective institutions was not responsive to the faculty’s needs. There was no significant relationship (P=0.081) between the academic status of the respondent and the effect of institutional management factors on motivation. Policy recommendation: The study recommended that a research exploring the intrinsic factors that motivate faculty in Kiambu County Nursing Institutions needs to be carried out and the institutional management of Kiambu County nursing programs should institute a system of continually finding what the faculty needs are and responding to these needs.Item DETERMINANTS OF NURSES PERFORMANCE IN TIER THREE HEALTH FACILITIES: A CASE STUDY OF KAJIADO COUNTY, KENYA(Journal of Health, Medicine and Nursing, 2018-07) Kokwaro, Brenda; Oluoch, Musa; Adoyo, Maureen; Kimemia, Fredrick; Tenambergen, Dr. WanjaPurpose: Human Resources for Health (HRH) is critical for improved productivity and efficient delivery of health services. However, insufficient health personnel in terms of numbers and level of performance are a major constraint in disease control and maintenance of a health population. A study was carried out to determine the relationship between jobrelated factors, the work environment, organizational factors and policy practices that affect the performance of nurses in tier three health facilities in Kajiado County. Method:A cross sectional, descriptive study design was utilized, adopting qualitative and quantitative data collection approaches. Four tier three health facilities were included and one hundred and thirty (130) respondents were involved in the study. Purposive sampling was used Nurses working in the various departments in the respective facilities were issued with questionnaires to fill in and return. The heads of the different departments were interviewed using an interview guide. Inferential statistics was used to analyze the data. Quantitative data was analysed using SPSS version 23.0 and qualitative data was analysed through thematic content analysis. Results:Results on organizational-relation aspects revealed lack of necessary support provision for incompetent nurses. It also revealed a substantial lack of an appraisal and reviewsystem. The findings on job related factors showed that most of the nurses were diploma holders hence the need for opportunities for further training and enhancement in education levels to advance their knowledge. Findings on organizational factors showedthat inadequate staff levels led to increased workload on available staff which in turn affected the performance of nurses. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy:The study recommends thatthere should add more refresher and training courses for the nurses, recruitment of more nursing staff and improvement of resources available.Item FACTORS INFLUENCING COLLECTION OF BLOOD DONOR TEST RESULTS IN NAIROI COUNTY – A CASE STUDY OF NAIROBI REGIONAL BLOOD TRANSFUSION CENTER(Journal of Health, Medicine and Nursing, 2018) Gititu, George; Oluoch, Musa; Tenambergen, WanjaBackground: The Kenya National Blood Transfusion Services screens all donated blood for HIV, Hepatitis B&C and syphilis with each blood donor being informed of testing of his or her donated blood and availability of test results for collection at the Regional Blood Transfusion Centers. The study-assessed factors influencing collection of blood test results by blood donors as only less than 10% blood donor’s return to collect their test results. Method: The study utilized descriptive cross-sectional study approach employing a mix of both quantitative and qualitative approach. 385 blood donors and seven key informants interviewed using a pre-designed questionnaire and Key informant respectively. Quantitative data was analyzed using Epi info 6.04 while qualitative data was transcribed and analyzed using content thematic framework approach. Results: 95% of participants did not return to collect their test results with 90% not being aware that test results are available for collection. 50% of those who had not collected their test results would not have collected even after being adequately informed. 93% would not collect their test results in presence of friends fearing stigmatization and would not share the outcome of the test even with their families. Conclusion: The study concluded that the collection of donor test results is greatly influenced by knowledge, location of result collection sites, working hours of collection sites, stigma and cultural beliefs. The Study recommends mass sensitization on availability of test results, where to collect results and demystify social cultural beliefs.