School of Medicine and Health Sciences
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Welcome to School of Medicine and Health Sciences collection.This collection contains Journal articles published by faculty affiliated to the school.
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Item Influence of Health Logistics Management Information System on Availability of Medical Commodities in Public Health Facilities in Kajiado County, Kenya(Academic Journal of Health System and Reform (AJHSR), 2023-09) Bunyali, Julius Habakkuk; Njoroge, Kezia Muthoni; Kimemia, FredrickHealth logistics management systems is critical to ensure the availability of essential medicines and services. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of health logistics management information system on the availability of medical commodities in level 4 and 5 public health facilities in Kajiado County, Kenya. A descriptive cross-sectional study design was employed. Data were collected using a self-administered 5-point Likert scale structured questionnaire from 108 health care providers (HCPs). Data were coded, processed, and descriptive and inferential statistics were performed. Spearman rank correlation and logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the relationship between variables and the effect of the independent variables on the dependent variable, respectively. Statistical significance was set at <0.05. Health care workers reported varied experience with health logistics management system components. Spearman coefficient and logistic regression analyses reported a positive correlation between inventory management, order process management, and information management systems and the availability of medical commodities (r = 0.733, p=0.000; r = -0.397, p=0.000; r = 0.737, p=0.000, and (β = 2.016, S.E. = 0.581, p< 0.05; β = 1.567, S.E. = 2.298, p< 0.05; β = 0.742, S.E. = 0.363, p< 0.05; and (β = 3.491, S.E. = 1.312, p< 0.05), respectively. In this study, HCPs are not sufficiently proficient in health logistics management system, which negatively impacts the availability of medical commodities. Order process management, inventory management, and information flow management systems have positive relationships and significantly influence the availability of medical commodities in public health facilities in Kajiado County.Item The effect of patient reminders in reducing missed appointment in medical settings:a systematic review(PAMJ - One Health, 2020-06) Opon, Shadrack Ochieng; Tenambergen, Wanja Mwaura; Njoroge, Kezia MuthoniMissed appointments are a problem to healthcare professionals worldwide. There is up to nearly 42% missed appointment rate in medical setting globally. Reducing missed appointment rates improves the efficiency of health services and health outcomes of patients. Missed appointment rates can be reduced by reminding patients about their medical appointments in advance. A simple way of doing this is via electronic notification to the patients´ phones. The aim of this paper is to review the effect of patient reminders in reducing missed appointment rates. The methodology was conducted based on the PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews. Literature search was conducted extensively using Google Scholar and PubMed databases based on terms such as cell phone reminders, electronic notification reminders, missed appointment rates, clinic attendance and SMS reminders. Geographical and publication biases were assessed. The result of the review showed that 95% studies reviewed reported a positive effect of patient reminders on appointment rates, with an average of 41% reduction in missed appointment rates and 34% increase in clinic attendance rates in all the studies. The review revealed that patient reminders reduce missed appointment rates and improve clinic attendance rates. Multiple reminders produce better outcomes. Reducing missed appointment rates also improve the efficiency of health care facilities.Item Contribution of health workers and patient characteristics on adherence to antenatal clinic appointments in public hospitals: a case of Homabay and Kisumu County referral hospitals, Kenya(PAMJ - One Health, 2020-11) Opon, Shadrack Ochieng; Tenambergen, Wanja Mwaura; Njoroge, Kezia MuthoniIntroduction: missed appointments account for about 56% of wasted health resources in the world. There is about 42% missed appointment rate in African medical setting. Antenatal clinics in Kenya experience about 44% missed appointment rate accounting for about 22% of wasted health resources. About 1.7 million children born between 2013 and 2017 did not receive all prescribed vaccines. About 42% and 35% of antennal appointments in Homabay and Kisumu Counties were missed in 2019. The study assessed contribution of health workers and patient characteristics on adherence to antenatal clinic appointments in public hospitals. Methods: a crosssectional research design was employed in Homabay and Kisumu County hospitals. The study included 2 hospital managers per hospital, 70 and 63 antenatal clients in Homabay and Kisumu County hospitals respectively. Patients were stratified and proportionately sampled, while hospital managers were purposively sampled. Sample size was determined using Yamane Formula. Key informant interview and selfadministered structured questionnaire were used to collect data, and analysis done using SPSS tool. Results: findings showed, in Homabay and Kisumu County hospitals respectively, that: 50 (71.4%) and 20 (40%) missed appointments due to inadequate staff responsiveness towards their needs; 50 (71.4%) and 28 (56%) due to staff attitude. Single and separated antenatal clients miss more appointments compared to married and cohabiting clients. Conclusion: there is low adherence to appointments in antenatal clinics in Homabay and Kisumu County hospitals because of poor staff attitude, inadequate staff responsiveness; and lack of sufficient education on the importance of antenatal care among mothersItem Influence of organizational and access factors on adherence to appointments in antenatal clinics in Homa Bay and Kisumu County Referral Hospitals, Kenya(PAMJ - One Health., 2021-08) Opon, Shadrack Ochieng; Tenambergen, Wanja Mwaura; Njoroge, Kezia MuthoniIntroduction: the world wastes about 40% of health resources, and African medical setting has about 42% missed appointment rate. Kenya has 44% missed appointment rate in antenatal clinics, wasting about 22% of health resources. Five hundred and two thousand eight hundred and sixty (502,860) children were not immunized in 2017. Homabay and Kisumu Counties with 91/1000 and 149/1000 under-five mortality rates, recorded 42% and 35% missed appointment rates in antenatal clinics respectively in 2019. This study assessed influence of organizational and access factors on adherence to appointments in antenatal clinics. Methods: the study adopted cross-sectional research design across two hospitals, purposively sampled (Homabay and Kisumu County Hospitals) because of high under-five mortality and high HIV prevalence rates. Stratified and proportionate sampling were used to sample patients, and purposive sampling for hospital managers. Yamane Formula was used to determine sample size. The study comprised 133 antenatal patients (Homabay County Hospital 70, Kisumu County Hospital 63) and two hospital managers per hospital. Self- administered structured questionnaire and key informant interview were used to collect data. Results: study revealed in Homabay and Kisumu County hospitals respectively, as follows: 55 (78.6%) and 35 (70%) antenatal clients missed their appointments because of waiting time; 55 (78.6%) and 30 (60%) due to facility operating hours; and 55 (78.6%) and 25 (50%) due to opportunity cost of seeking services; and 55 (78.6%) and 20 (40%) due to facility proximity. Conclusion: there is high missed appointment rates in antenatal clinics in Homabay and Kisumu County hospitals because of poor organization of antenatal services, opportunity cost and facility location.