Masters Theses and Dissertations
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Item Teacher Factors Influencing the Implementation of Tusome Program in Lower Primary Public Schools in Mvita Sub County, Mombasa(KeMU, 2019-09) Nguya, Mary NyaleQuality education plays a major role in promoting economic growth, enhancing democracy and good governance. Though access to education has improved worldwide, an estimated 250 million learners of primary school age lacking basic reading, writing and numeracy skills whether in school or not. The Annual Learning Assessment (ALA) carried out in Kenya in February in 2012 by Uwezo revealed that majority of class 8 pupils could neither pass English nor Kiswahili reading tests set at class 2 level. The study analyzed teacher factors influencing the implementation of Tusome Program in lower primary public schools in Mvita Sub-County. The study objectives were; to establish the effect of teacher attitudes, teacher preparedness, qualifications and also teaching styles on the implementation of early literacy in lower primary public schools in Mvita Sub County. This research study was anchored on Capital Theory of School Effectiveness and Constructivists’ Theory. The study used descriptive survey research design. This design was appropriate for this study since it enabled the researcher to study the variables as they were without any manipulation. The target population was 124 lower public primary teachers in all Twenty five public primary schools in Mvita sub-county. The study used purposive sampling technique in determining the sample size. The study used both primary and secondary data. The main primary data collection method for the study was the questionnaire. The study used secondary data which was obtained from the sub-county education officer and ministry of education curriculum implementation reports. Pilot study was conducted among 12 (10% * 124) lower primary teachers from public primary schools in Kisauni Sub-county. The validity of the instrument was established by being given to experts, research assistants with experience and the Supervisors who approved the instrument for data collection. The data collected was compiled and analyzed by use of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23 which processed accurate frequencies and percentages which was used to discuss the findings. The study concluded that Teacher preparedness, Teacher qualifications and teaching styles had a strong relationship (p<0.001) with implementation of Tusome program therefore influencing implementation of the same. Teachers’ attitude had the strongest relationship (p=0.045) with implementation of Tusome program compared to other teacher factors such as Teacher preparedness, Teacher qualifications and teaching styles. The study recommended that the Ministry of Education should closely monitor the implementation of Tusome Program by carrying out spontaneous checks on the teacher’s notes, preparation during the lessons, the syllabus they use, observe the teaching styles employed during teaching and learning process and receive teacher’s views on some of the things to be improved for the Tusome Program to be a success. The researcher suggests that subsequent studies should consider conducting a similar study in other counties so as to establish whether similar results will be achieved.Item Factors Influencing use of Open Access Repository: A Case of Kenya Methodist University(KeMU, 2017-09) Mwiti, Faith MwendwaInstitutional repositories (IR) are one of the innovations adopted by academic libraries to embrace the open access initiatives that advocate for free online access of scholarly research. Globally academic institutions are using Institutional repositories (IRs) as channels for capturing, archiving and disseminating their scholarly works. As (IRs) matures they encounter difficulties on how to of how to improve their operations to proliferate the number and variety of content archived. This study investigated factors influencing the use of KeMU institutional repository as a tool for enhancing open access. The specific objectives that guided the study were to: Examine Institutional Repository and Open Access concepts awareness level among the academic staff at KeMU; Assess to what extent do the library staff advocates the use of KeMU IR as a tool for enhancing Open Access; Explore how user perception on open access publications influence the use of KeMU repository; Examine factors deterring content submission by academic and library staff to the KeMU Institutional repository.The study adopted both Innovation Diffusion Theory (IDT) and social exchange theory and, employed a quantitative research design and probability sampling techniques. The study population constituted 130 respondents and a sample of 98 was drawn using Yamane formula to calculate sample size for proportions. Data was collected using a questionnaire. The response rate was 84%. Data analysis was carried out descriptively using statistical package for social science (SPSS) version 20 and presented in form of tables and figures. The study found out that low levels of awareness on IR concept, lack of enthusiasm in advocating for the use of an institution repository, the negative perception towards the content submitted in an institution repository as well as lack of awareness on the benefits associated with submitting articles in a repository are some of the factors hindering use of KeMU repository. The study concluded that for KeMU repository to be vibrant in enabling open access of scholarly work, there should be a well laid out advocacy program to address issues relating the existence of KeMU institution repository and the importance of submitting research works in the repository. The study recommends senior university managers be sensitized on the importance of IR and why they should play a proactive role in enhancing use of the KeMU repository.Item Determinants of Academic Performance among Mature Entry Students: A Case of Nakuru and Nairobi Campuses of Kenya Methodist University(2019-09) Munuhe, Patrick KaringaNumerous studies analyzing academic performance and factors affecting the same among university students have been conducted and remedies have been suggested. However, little attention has been highlighted on mature entry student. The purpose of this study is to investigate the determinants of academic performance among mature age entry students. The objectives of the study were: to establish the impact of previous academic achievement of mature age entry students on their academic performance, to determine the influence of the mature age entry student’s demographic characteristics and to determine the impact of the social factors affecting mature age students on their academic performance. The study was guided by Needs theory of Abraham Maslow and adopted descriptive survey research design. The total target population was 289 mature age entry students enrolled at Nakuru and Nairobi campuses of Kenya Methodist University, administrators, Chairmen of Departments and lecturers of the two campuses. Proportionate stratified sampling was used to select the 118 subjects. Questionnaire and interview schedules were used for collecting data for the study. Data from the questionnaires were edited, coded and entered into the computer for analysis. Both qualitative and quantitative methods were used in analyzing the data using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20, where both descriptive and inferential statistics were computed appropriately. Results were presented in tables and charts to enhance clarity. It was found out that previous academic performance had an impact on academic performance also students with high entry points were more likely to finish assignments and studies than their counterparts with low entry points. The findings of the study also confirmed that both demographic characteristics and socio economic factors affect the academic performance of mature entry students. The study recommends universities to come up with ways of scrutinizing past performances of students and coming up with strategies such as coaching for the purpose of uplifting the entry behaviour of a prospective mature entry student whose weakness has been identified. The finding further recommend favorable fees payment schedules and minimization of cost of university education which will enable mature entry students to cope better with financial burden and also be able to pay the fees with less strain, and enjoy better concentration on academics. Finally a newer approach in delivering academic program that help reduce conflicts with job and family commitment is highly recommended.Item External and internal factors affecting management of hospital drug formularies by health facilities in Nairobi(KeMU, 2012-07) Njeru, Nancy MucogoThe use of formularies in drugs management is a widely accepted practice and Kenya has adopted the World Health Organization (WHO) drug formulary model to develop its own formularies or essential drug lists. This study explored factors affecting management of drug formularies by both private and public health facilities in Nairobi. Specifically, the study sought to determine the type of formulary in use by various health facilities in Nairobi as well as exploring extents to which both identified external and internal factors influence the management of drug formularies in the said health facilities. A cross-sectional descriptive study was employed where the researcher used stratified random sampling as well as convenient sampling to draw a sample of 189 health facilities from the population. Results: There is 94% awareness of drug formularies, only 41.8% have participated in development of an Standard Treatment Guidelne or a drug formulary. 71.4% of respondents considered drug formularies very important. 73.5% of registered health facilities in Nairobi have adopted the Kenya Essential Ddrug List (KEDL). Out of the 73.5% above, 49.2% of the facilities have developed facility own drug formularies while 26.5% confirmed to not have used the national essential drug list at all. All ministry of health local authority facilities used the National essential drug list. Majority, 93.6% considered their formularies open while only 6.4% considered their formularies closed. Drug promotion poses the greatest influence to drug formulary non compliance while insurance was considered the least external factor in Nairobi health facilities. Under internal factors, lack of pharmacy and therapeutic committees or its equivalent topped the most challenging internal factor affecting the drug formulary availability and compliance. Conclusion: Drug formulary mangement in Nairobi health facilities is not fully developed and is also facing alot of challenges. Recommendations: There is need to base all facilities-own formularies on set standards while exploration of higher levels of formulary management will ensure more benefits to patients. Individual facilities must be more proactive in ensuring they operate within the national medicine policies which is possible through self regulation. Pharmacy and Therapeutic Committee in facilities to be enforced and also for health centres and dispensaries on need basis.Item Implementation of hospital management information systems on service delivery: a case of Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital(Kenya Methodist University, 2019-09-01) Cheruiyot, Bethwel KipkorirHospital Management Information Systems (HMIS) has the potential of improving the quality of services delivered as well as the efficiency and effectiveness of healthcare providers through integration of various hospital functional units. However, the benefits of this implementation in service delivery have not been adequately addressed. This study sought to appraise the impact of implementation of Hospital Management Information Systems, on service delivery in Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital, (MTRH). The objectives of the study were: To examine the level of implementation of Hospital Management Information Systems in MTRH, to establish the strategies motivating implementation and utilization of Hospital Management Information Systems, to assess benefits that have been realized in utilizing Hospital Management Information Systems, and to assess the effect of HMIS on service delivery in MTRH. Cross sectional descriptive research design was utilized in the study where sample size formula proposed by Cooper and Schildler formula was used to obtain 240 respondents from a target population of 587 users of HMIS. The researcher employed stratified sampling technique. A structured closed end questionnaire was administered for data collection, as well as interviews. Quantitative data was obtained, coded and entered into the computer using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 25 software for analysis. A pilot testing was carried out at Rift Valley Hospital, Nakuru. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, i.e. mean and standard deviations and inferential statistics i.e. Pearson Correlation Analysis and Multiple Regression Analysis. A total of 240 questionnaires were distributed to the respondents and 192 were filled and returned, a response rate of 80%. With respect to familiarity with Hospital Management Information System results indicated that majority of the respondents 37.8% were familiar with the system. For the extent of implementation on the modules the Hospital Records module had the highest implementation level mean (4.0) with a while consulting doctor module posted the lowest mean (2.1). On the level of utilization of HMIS result indicates that the mean values were above average on a five point Likert scale. Further records module had the highest utilization level, mean (3.8) while consulting doctor module posted the lowest utilization level mean (2.0). On the strategies motivating the utilization of HMIS results indicate that the presence of information strategy is the leading motivator of utilization of HMIS mean (3.73). Results indicated that the anticipated benefits of HMIS were all in above the average. The results of the regression analysis suggested that HMIS implementation (β= .215, p˂0.05), HMIS utilization (β= ..697, p˂0.05), motivation strategy (β= .193, p˂0.05), and HMIS benefits (β= .045, p˂0.05) had a positive significant effect on Service Delivery, therefore the null hypothesis is rejected. The value of the F-statistic is (F=172.917, p˂0.05) is robust to indicate the variable relationships. The coefficient of determination value of R2= .787 means that 78.7% of the variation in service delivery at the hospital can be explained by HMIS. The study recommends that a policy be drafted to entrench HMIS implementation and utilization in the Country.Item The Role of Digitization in the Preservation of Corporate Archives at Kenya Power and Lighting Company(Kenya Methodist University, 2019-08-01) Ronoh, Elvis KipngenohRecords in digital format are becoming more influential in governance and operations of both corporate and government as many organizations embark on electronic commerce (e)-strategies. The use of information and telecommunications technologies (ICTs) in preservation at KPLC has resulted in the creation and use of digital records. This strategy is believed to increase the efficiency of the internal processes such as those supporting financial and human resources management. Because of the speed of technological change, organizations have to consider issues of preservation of their digital archives even while they are still in active use and needed for posterity. Digital records being preserved by the organization must be accurate and complete to ensure transparency and accountability. Records in whatever form need to be captured, managed and safeguarded in an organized system in order to retain their value as formal corporate records. The aim of the study was to investigate the role of digitization in the preservation of corporate archives at Kenya Power and Lighting Company (KPLC). The specific objectives of this study were to; determine the accessibility of the digitally preserved archives at KPLC, find out the policies relating to digital preservation of archives at KPLC, analyze security threats related to digital preservation of archives at KPLC and to explore the challenges of digital preservation of archives at KPLC. The theoretical framework focused on Open Archival Information System. The research adopted a descriptive research design. A mixed method approach was used to incorporate both qualitative and quantitative research methodologies which gave a better understanding of the research problem. The target population comprised of 74 participants. The study employed census sampling technique. Semi structured questionnaire were used as the main data collection instrument and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 23). Pilot study was administered to test the success of the study over the prevailing circumstance. Pearson correlation and linear regression was used to test the relationship between variables in the study hypothesis. Analyzed data was presented descriptively using tables, graphs and pie charts. The results of the study indicated that KPLC is open to preservation digital records hence embracing the various formats for preservation. The study found out that KPLC appreciate records as key drivers in various business activities hence the diverse access provision. KPLC provided three kind of access to digital archive services which included full access, partial access and no access were allowed on some of digital records. The findings established that KPLC had policies related to Digital Records Management (DRM). Among the policies set up by KPLC to regulate the preservation of digital archives included; authorization, staff development, application of latest technology in preservation of information and regulatory compliance policy. Also, the study revealed that KPLC had proper procedures and mechanism in place to ensure security, long term preservation and accessibility of digital records. Technical measures to prevent unauthorized access included: data and database security, procedural security, system security and data back-up. Finally, the challenges surrounding digital preservation of archives included inadequate funding, obsolete hardware and software, insufficient ICT facilities, fragile storage media, inadequate expertise and shortage of DRM Skills. The study recommended that; KPLC should adopt new communication technologies (face book, twitter and blogs), undertake capacity building by developing a detailed training plan and finally KPLC should have a detailed budget process since adoption of ICTs requires huge capital for purchase of computers, software and training of staff.Item Influence of Head Teachers' Leadership Traitson Students Academic Performance: A Survey of Private Primary School in Nyali Sub County(KeMU, 2019-10) Kefa, Kelvin NyongesaStudies done over the years indicate that Headteachers leadership traits influence academic performance to a great extent. This is because the headteacher is the chief instructor, coordinator and motivator of both teachers and pupils. Academic performance for private primary schools in Nyali Sub County has been dismal over the years hence raising questions on the effectiveness of headteachers leadership traits on students’ academic performance. This study therefore endeavored to make findings on the influence of headteachers leadership traits on students academic performance in Nyali Sub-county. The study established the influence of leadership skills, leadership styles, and headteacher motivation on students’ academic performance in private primary schools of Nyali Sub-county. The study used descriptive survey research design which described systematically a situation, a problem, or phenomenon, or provides information about an issue, or describes attitudes towards an issue. The target population was all 77 registered private primary schools in Nyali sub-county, 77 headteachers and 782 teachers. The study used simple random sampling technique in determining 10% sample size of the respondents. Therefore the sample size arrived at was 7 headteachers and 78 teachers. The study used closed-ended questionnaire which on a linket skell of 1-5 to measure the influence of headtechers leadership traits on students’ academic performance. Reliability of the instrument was established through piloting of the instruments in Kisauni sub-county. Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient of reliability of 0.7 indicated that the instruments were reliable. The validity of the instruments was established through expert judgment offered by quality assurance sub-county director of Nyali Sub- County and also the supervisors. The researcher obtained a letter from Kenya Methodist University academic (KeMU) office and the National Commission for Science, Technology and Innovation (NACOSTI) to facilitate data collection. The researcher adhered to all ethical research requirements. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics such as frequency’s, percentages, means and standard deviations. ANOVA was used to establish the extent to which the headteachers leadership traits influence academic performance. The researcher used SPSS version 23 to facilitate data analysis. The study found out that headteachers leadership traits significantly influence academic performance either negatively or positively. The researcher concluded that headteachers leadership traits should frequently be enhanced through training which is based on policy. The study recommended that the school management should formulate capacity building programs so as to empower both the head teachers and teachers in their leadership skills and styles. The study recommends a similar study to be conducted in secondary and public primary schools to identify the influence of headteachers leadership traits on student’s academic performance.Item Effect of Head Teachers Leadership Styles on Discipline in Public Secondary Schools in Tigania West District, Kenya(KeMU, 2012-07) Kanario, Winfred Miritis ABSTRACT In the late l 980's and early 1990's there was a notable increase in mass indiscipline in various secondary schools in Kenya. Students' unrests not only resulted in loss of human life and property but also in unwarranted disruption of teaching and learning. In September and October 2010, the media reported many cases of unrests in secondary schools in which some were fatal. Many parents and stakeholders blamed the leadership of the respective schools. This is a clear indicator that the leadership of a school has a great influence on discipline. The purpose of this study was to find out how leadership in secondary schools affects discipline. Questionnaires, observation schedules and in depth interviews were used to collect the data. The research design used was a descriptive research. Thus, this design was suitable to answer the questions concerning the current effects of leadership on school discipline, especially where the researcher will not practically control the effects of the independent variables on dependent variables. The research-focused on all the 23 secondary schools in Tigania West District consisting of 10 day schools, 5 Girl's Boarding schools, 5 Boys boarding schools and 3 mixed boarding schools. The total population of students was 8,830. The respondents, who included 154 teachers, 3000 students and 15 head teachers, were selected through random sampling. The main tools of data collection for this study was a questionnaire for head teachers, a questionnaire for teachers and a questionnaire for students. Observation schedules and in depth interviews were also prepared to obtain general data to back up the data from the questionnaires. Descriptive statistics such as percentages, means and frequencies were used to report the data. The study established that most teachers rated their head teachers as effective in instilling discipline. The findings also show that head teachers with more years of work experience were more effective in discipline maintenances than those with less experience. Head teachers with a Master of Education degree were more effective than those with a Bachelor of Education degree's notable percentage of head teachers had received in-service training on issues related to discipline. Attendance of in-service training positively influenced head teachers' effectiveness in discipline maintenance. The study recommends that: head teachers should be trained on aspects of discipline as this will greatly reduce the current problems existing in schools; head teachers and teachers across the country should be in-serviced constantly; students should be restrained from peer pressure through strengthened guidance and counseling programs.Item Gender Disparity in the Administration of Public Primary Schools in Tharaka South District(KeMU, 2012-04) Kaunga, Fredrick MutegiABSTRACT Gender disparity in Leadership is not only a hot debate in Kenya but bis also a Global concern, Muteshi, (2006). Several factors are cited for this disparity and most of these factors are blamed for male domineering tendencies. However a close study reveals deep rooted factors which do not necessarily touch on male gender. Though the government's effort in addressing gender inequality seems to be evident, the real impact of the initiatives is• still not realized. The purpose of this study was to investigate the gender disparity in administrative positions for primal)' schools in Tharaka South District. The study investigated and analyzed the factors that are considered as barriers to women teachers' advancement to headship positions in Kenyan public primacy schools. The study used descriptive survey research design. The targeted population included the Heads of Tharaka South District Schools (120), the zonal education officers (17), and the District Human Resource Officer of Tharaka South District (I). In total 160 officers were interviewed. Purposive sampling technique was used to select the sample to obtain a sample size of 45 heads of schools. Data was collected through interviews, observations and questionnaires. SPSS version 15.0 was used to analyze the data. Study findings revealed that disparity in administration of primacy schools is more of a social cultural problem than a policy issue. Study has shown that the majority of the women teachers in the study were adequately qualified for promotion to school headship positions. In contrast, most of them were not in leadership positions and hence were still classroom teachers. One reason for the persistent under-representation of women in school leadership roles was found to be their continued preference for family responsibilities at the expense of their own career development. The study revealed that there was a serious gender disparity in headship where 94% of heads were males and only 6% were females. Family obligations accounted for 44% of reasons for the disparity, geographical factors 28% and cultural beliefs 26%. The achievement of employment equity in primacy school headship will require a variety of strategies targeting gender stereotyping by individuals, institutions and policies. The study recommends more recruitment of women into educational administration positions. Women need equal opportunities, encouragement and support to allow them access to and success in school administration. After all, there is a growing body of literature on women administrators that supports the image of the competent, successful, career-minded female administrators.Item Factors Leading to High Dropout Rates among Students in Public Secondary School in Rongai District, Nakuru County, Kenya(KeMU, 2013-06) lucy, Njeri MachariaABSTRACT Education plays a key role in human development through the process of empowering people to improve their wellbeing and participation in nation building. Dropout however causes a serious threat to gain in education despite the government emphasize on Education for All by the year 2015. In Rongai District, Nakuru County, Kenya, the problem is more pronounced among the public secondary schools. This study sought information on factors leading to high rate of public. Secondary school dropout rate among students in public schools in Rongai District, Nakuru County, Kenya which required urgent attention. Research shows that students who enroll in secondary school drop out before the completion of secondary school level a situation culminating to wastage of resources in time and space. This indicates that there has been an increase in the number of students facing school dropout problems and it also attempts to answer. The question whether there has been a real increase in the number of dropouts. The situation of very different and complex factors helps to reveal the action to be taken and eventually lead to a decrease and prevention of school dropout. This was a concern of head teachers, teachers' parents and community as a whole. The study sought to relate the variables of drop out from secondary schools in Rongai District, Nakuru County. The targeted population consisted of all students, teachers and head teachers from secondary schools in the District. The sample consisted of 28 head teachers, 380 teachers and 6,935 students. In the district chosen from a cross section of 28 schools from the provincial category, District randomly sampled from urban and rural set up boarding and day school. Sample size formula was determined using Kothari (2006) formula where sample elements were selected using proportionate random sampling method. The main tools of data collection were questionnaires for the head teachers, teachers, parents and AEOs. Validity for this study was ensured through consultations and expert's opinion from research supervisors from Kenya Methodist University at every stage. As for the reliability, the researcher recruited and trained the data collection assistants who dropped and • collected filled in questionnaires from respondents. A pilot test instruments was conducted in the neighboring Njoro District on 26 head teachers and 300 teachers. After data was collected, then it was coded and entered in the computer for analysis using Statistical Package and Social Science (SPSS). The significance of the study sought to expose more on the causes of high rate of school drop outs in Secondary Schools in Rongai District, Nakuru County, Kenya. The study will employ descriptive survey research design. This is according to Orodho (2003). The finding could therefore assist policy makers to come up with strategies to curb the high rate of school dropout in Rongai District, Nakuru County, Kenya.