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Management of Health Products and Technologies in Kenya: A Multi-County Study on access to Quality, Affordable Health Products and Technologies
(KeMU, 2025-10) Meme, Shadrack Mururu
Health Products and Technologies (HPTs) are a cornerstone of Kenya’s health system and essential for achieving universal health coverage by ensuring access to high-quality medical services with minimal financial burden. Effective management of HPTs is critical for maintaining availability, affordability, and quality of healthcare services. Despite ongoing efforts, challenges such as delays in supply, inadequate stocks of essential medicines and laboratory commodities, wastage of health products, long lead times, poor stock monitoring, and irrational use due to inadequate storage and training persist across counties. This multi-county comparative study examined institutional determinants influencing the management of HPTs in Kisumu, Kiambu, Nyeri, Machakos, and Isiolo counties. The study focused on five independent variables, health financing, supply chain practices, inventory optimization, human resource factors, and health information management, with institutional leadership culture included as a moderating variable, while the dependent variable management of HPTs, was assessed through the dimensions of availability, affordability, and quality. Anchored on the Utilization Management Theory and Goldratt’s Theory of Constraints, and guided by the pragmatism paradigm, the study adopted a mixed-methods design that combined quantitative data from 106 respondents using census sampling and qualitative insights from ten key informants via interview guides. Research instruments were pre-tested to enhance validity and reliability, while quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics and qualitative data analyzed thematically, with diagnostic tests ensuring assumptions of normality, homoscedasticity, autocorrelation, multicollinearity, and singularity were not violated. Findings revealed that HPT financing (P=008), inventory optimization (P=0.000), human resource factors (P=0.002), and health management information systems (P=0.022) had statistically significant positive effects on HPT management, whereas supply chain practice (P=0.546) and institutional leadership (P=0.762) culture demonstrated weak or no significant influence Based on these results, the study proposes an efficient management model integrating lean inventory practices and digitalization to enhance the availability, affordability, and quality of HPTs. The findings provide evidence-based recommendations for county health administrations and policymakers and establish a foundation for future academic, scholarly, and research endeavors in the management of health products and technologies in Kenya.
Influence of Recruitment on Organizational Performance of Custom and Border Organizations in Kenya
(INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN SOCIAL SCIENCE (IJRISS), 2024-07) Nyamoko., Ruth; Mbithi., Mary; Kituku, Gladys
Enhanced recruitment strategies can substantially improve workforce quality, employee satisfaction, and overall performance. Although recruitment plays an important role in boosting organizational performance, many firms have yet to fully optimize their recruitment processes. This paper sought to examine the influence of recruitment on the organizational performance of customs and border organizations in Kenya. The study applied a descriptive research design. The population for the study was 481 employees of customs and border organizations in Kenya (The Kenya Revenue Authority, The Kenya Ports Authority, and The Kenya Airports Authority). Stratified random sampling was applied in addition to the Taro Yamane formula to come up with a sample size of 218 participants from top executive positions, middle management positions, and lower management positions. The study gathered data through questionnaires which were administered both physically and electronically. Data collected was analyzed through both descriptive and inferential analysis. Results revealed a β of 0.344 and a p- value of 0.001, between recruitment and the organizational performance of customs and border organizations in Kenya. The study concluded that recruitment had a positive and significant influence on the organizational performance of customs and border organizations in Kenya. The study recommended that customs and border organizations in Kenya should maintain and reinforce their emphasis on hiring a highly qualified workforce. The study also recommended prioritization of the recruitment of staff who have completed the necessary training. Additionally, the study recommended that organizations’ recruitment practices should be strictly merit-based to promote fairness and transparency. Moreover, the study recommended regular interpersonal and communication tests should be administered to ensure potential recruits possess the necessary soft skills. Besides the study recommended that it is crucial to ensure that job specifications and role descriptions are well-defined and communicated. Finally, the study recommended a thorough evaluation process to assess the capabilities of candidates for different positions, consistently applying this practice to select the best candidates to ensure alignment with organizational goals and ultimately enhance the overall organizational performance.

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