Journal Articles

An Assessment of the Relationship Between the Price Tariffs of a Christian-Affiliated Guesthouse and Customer Choice Behavior in Nairobi County

2026-06-23T10:34:09Z

An Assessment of the Relationship Between the Price Tariffs of a Christian-Affiliated Guesthouse and Customer Choice Behavior in Nairobi County Nyaga, Dorothy K.; Muchai, Peter; Laimaru, Susan Purpose: To assess the relationship between the price tariffs of a Christian-affiliated guesthouse and customer choice behavior in Nairobi County. Methodology: Descriptive survey research design was used on a target population of the study comprising 13 Christian Affiliated Guest houses registered with the Christian Guest Houses Association of Kenya (CGHAK) in Nairobi County. The total number of respondents was 723, including all guesthouse general managers (13), two supervisors (Front Office and Food and Beverage Supervisors) from each guesthouse (26), and all customers based on the average occupancy (684). A census sampling method was used to select guesthouse managers (13) and supervisors (26). Further, the random sampling method was used to obtain the 252 customer respondents. Closed and open-ended questionnaires were used to obtain data from 252 CAG guests while an interview schedule was used to obtain data from 26 CAG supervisors and 13 CAG general managers. For piloting, this study used one randomly selected CAG (10%) in Kiambu and obtained 1 manager, 2 supervisors, and 25 guests (10%) as respondents. Cronbach alpha was used to measure reliability. For validity, the instrument was piloted before the actual data collection process. Quantitative data such as mean and standard deviation was analyzed using SPSS whereas thematic method was used to analyze qualitative data. Data was presented using tables and figures. Results: The highest mean score was observed on the dimension of mode of payment which had an average score of 4.22. This observation implied that one of the reasons that could be attracting guests to remain loyal to a particular guesthouse is a mode of payment of bills the guesthouse has adopted. The least mean rating was observed on fair price tariffs, with an average score of 4.22. This is an indication that fairness in the price tariffs, as a dimension of Price Tariff, is not such an important factor when it comes to choosing a guesthouse. Again, this rolls back to service provisions. That is, an individual would be more willing to pay more as long as the service will meet his/her expectations. Nonetheless, the fact that the fairness of price tariffs was not such an important factor, the overall mean response of 3.9. Conclusions and Recommendations: The study concluded that price tariffs had a positive influence on customer choice behavior. This was based on the fact that versatility of modes paying bills ensured that there was efficiency and convenience in payments. The study recommends that more attention should be paid by the management to payment modes such as mobile money since it promotes security and convenience to the guests.

Influence of Strategic Planning on the Performance of Telecommunication Industry in Somalia

2026-06-23T09:03:35Z

Influence of Strategic Planning on the Performance of Telecommunication Industry in Somalia Hassan Abdullahi, Abdikafi; Mbithi, Mary; Maore, Stephen Despite notable growth, Somalia’s telecommunication industry faces persistent performance challenges due to inadequate strategic planning, leading to inefficiencies, poor resource allocation, and limited adaptability in a highly competitive and dynamic environment. This study investigated the influence of strategic planning on the performance of the telecommunication industry in Somalia. The research adopted a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative and qualitative data collection techniques to provide comprehensive insights into the relationship between strategic planning practices and industry performance. The study targeted 220 participants across 22 registered telecommunication firms in major urban centers including Mogadishu, Hargeisa, and Kismayo. Respondents included telecommunication managers, strategic planning staff, innovation strategy personnel, and customer relationship managers. Using census sampling, the research achieved an exceptional response rate of 90.5%, with 199 completed questionnaires. Data collection employed structured questionnaires with quantitative analysis conducted using SPSS version 28. The findings revealed strong positive perceptions regarding strategic planning practices in Somalia’s telecommunications industry. The analysis revealed a strong correlation coefficient (R = 0.742) and explanatory power (R2 = 0.551), indicating that strategic planning accounts for 55.1% of variance in industry performance. The regression model proved statistically significant (F = 242.358, p < 0.001), with standardized coefficient (ff = 0.742) confirming the positive relationship. For every unit increase in strategic planning implementation, performance increased by 0.684 units. The study concluded that strategic planning serves as a critical predictor of organizational performance in Somalia’s telecommunications sector, supporting the rejection of the null hypothesis. The study recommended that telecommunication companies in Somalia should prioritize strategy evaluation and control systems, establish performance monitoring frameworks, invest in data analytics, and build institutional capacity to adapt strategies in response to changing market conditions and evaluation findings.

Influence of Competitive Strategy On Service Delivery of Petroleum Firms in Nairobi County, Kenya

2026-06-19T08:54:10Z

Influence of Competitive Strategy On Service Delivery of Petroleum Firms in Nairobi County, Kenya Hassan, Nasro Abduhakim; Kihara, Peter; Muema, Wilson Petroleum firms in Kenya operate within a competitive, volatile environment shaped by price fluctuations, infrastructural gaps, and regulatory changes. This study investigated the effect of competitive strategy on service delivery among petroleum firms in Nairobi County. Using a descriptive cross-sectional survey design, the study integrated both qualitative and quantitative methods. From a target population of 324 service stations, 125 managers were selected through stratified random sampling. Data were collected using semi-structured questionnaires and analyzed with SPSS version 28, employing descriptive statistics and regression analysis. Results revealed a positive and statistically significant relationship between competitive strategy and service delivery (β = 0.717, p = 0.000). Key strategic drivers included service innovation, technology adoption, and employee satisfaction. The study concluded that firms prioritizing competitive strategies experience improved service quality and responsiveness. It recommends continuous investment in technological advancement, customer-focused initiatives, and strategic partnerships to enhance service performance in the petroleum sector.

Influence of Kenya's Military engagement in Somalia on the achievement of Kenya’s National interests.

2026-06-19T08:43:57Z

Influence of Kenya's Military engagement in Somalia on the achievement of Kenya’s National interests. Muhati, Kerry; Agolla, Fredrick Ochieng; Miluwi, Joshua O. Kenya's military engagement in Somalia since 2011 represents a significant shift from traditional non- interference to active regional security participation. This study examined the influence of Kenya's military engagement in Somalia on achieving national interests, focusing on three key dimensions: border security enforcement operations, maritime security operations, and peace support and stabilization missions. The research employed a descriptive design using quantitative approaches to analyze data from 165 stakeholders, including military officers, government officials, counterterrorism experts, and community members, achieving a 96.5% response rate. The study utilized structured questionnaires and employed SPSS version 27.0 for statistical analysis, including descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis. The theoretical framework was grounded in realist international relations theory, particularly defensive realism, which explains Kenya's intervention as rational threat-balancing behavior to protect vital national interests. Key findings revealed that all three military engagement components significantly influenced national interests’ achievement. Regression analysis demonstrated strong explanatory power (R2 = 0.718, F = 78.03, p < 0.001), with border security enforcement showing the strongest individual impact (β = 0.351), followed by maritime operations (β = 0.312) and peace missions (β = 0.308). International cooperation and regional influence achieved highest success levels, while economic protection and addressing conflict root causes showed lower effectiveness. The study concludes that Kenya's military engagement effectively advances national interests through complementary mechanisms, validating defensive realist theory while highlighting the importance of comprehensive approaches. Recommendations include maintaining comprehensive engagement while prioritizing border security investments, enhancing bilateral capacity building, developing integrated civil- military strategies, and pursuing diplomatic initiatives to address underlying political tensions for sustainable long-term stability.

Organizational Structure and Performance of Tier One Commercial Banks in Nairobi County, Kenya

2026-06-19T08:26:12Z

Organizational Structure and Performance of Tier One Commercial Banks in Nairobi County, Kenya Rita, Chaga Mwamsindo; Kihara, Peter; Cherono, Vivian The performance of Tier One commercial banks in Nairobi County is increasingly shaped by internal structural dynamics amid rising operational costs, stricter regulatory demands, and heightened market competition. This study investigated the effect of organizational structure— focusing on hierarchy levels, formalization, and span of control—on bank performance. Grounded in Organizational Structure Theory, the research adopted a descriptive design targeting senior and middle-level managers from all 11 Tier One banks. A purposive sample of 88 managers drawn from 8 banks participated in the study. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS Version 26.0, employing descriptive statistics and simple linear regression. The findings revealed strong, negative, and statistically significant bivariate relationships between each organizational structure variable and bank performance. However, the simple linear regression results indicated that the overall influence of organizational structure on performance was not statistically significant (β = –2.14, p = 0.113). This suggests that although structural elements such as hierarchy, formalization, and span of control may individually impact performance, their combined effect does not sufficiently explain performance variations when analyzed within a single model. The study concludes that organizational structure may influence performance outcomes at the individual factor level, but its predictive power is limited when assessed holistically through simple regression. It is recommended that Tier One banks consider streamlining their internal structures by eliminating unnecessary hierarchical layers, simplifying formal procedures, and widening managerial span of control where feasible. Pilot-testing these structural changes in selected units may offer practical insights for enhancing strategic performance in a competitive banking environment.

Agency Banking Strategy and Performance of Commercial Banks of Tier Three Banks in Kenya

2026-06-19T08:01:48Z

Agency Banking Strategy and Performance of Commercial Banks of Tier Three Banks in Kenya Kinyua, Robert Muchiri; Kihara, Peter; Milui, Joshua The performance of commercial banks in Kenya has increasingly been influenced by the adoption and utilization of agency banking, which plays a pivotal role in enhancing operational efficiency, customer engagement, and overall bank performance. This study investigates the influence of agency banking on the performance of tier-three commercial banks in Kenya, focusing specifically on the number of agents, agent network coverage, transaction volume through agents, and agent performance metrics. Grounded in Resource- Based Theory, the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), Diffusion of Innovations Theory, Bank-Led Theory, and Agency Theory, the research examines how the adoption and integration of agency banking affect key performance indicators. A descriptive research design was used, targeting all 21 tier-three commercial banks in Nairobi City County, with a sample population of 2,123 employees across senior, middle, and operational management. Primary data was collected through structured questionnaires distributed to a purposive sample of 273 employees. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive, diagnostic, and inferential statistical methods with SPSS Version 26.0. The findings revealed that agency banking significantly and positively influenced the organizational performance of tier-three banks in Kenya. The study concludes that enhancing agency banking strategies can improve the operational efficiency of these banks. Recommendations include expanding agent networks, optimizing transaction volumes, and improving agent performance metrics to maximize the potential of agency banking and ensure long-term success.

Influence of Strategic Direction on Organizational Performance of Public Corporations in Kenya. A Case Study of Agricultural Finance Corporation

2026-05-30T11:38:05Z

Influence of Strategic Direction on Organizational Performance of Public Corporations in Kenya. A Case Study of Agricultural Finance Corporation Muchiri, Veronicah Mwihaki; Gichunge, Evangeline; Mutegi, Doreen This study examined the influence of strategic direction on the organizational performance of public corporations in Kenya, focusing specifically on the Agricultural Finance Corporation. The study was grounded in Contingency Theory. A descriptive research design was employed, with data collected from a sample of 204 employees across various management levels at AFC. The study also adopted simple random method. Primary data were gathered through standardized questionnaires, while secondary data on organizational performance were sourced from AFC’s financial reports and other relevant publications. Data analysis involved the use of descriptive and inferential statistics, including mean, standard deviation, Pearson correlation, and regression analysis, facilitated by SPSS version 29. It was found that a well-defined strategic direction, when effectively communicated and aligned with the organization’s operations, led to improved financial performance, operational efficiency, and customer satisfaction. Based on these findings, the study recommended several strategies for improving the performance of public corporations like AFC. It was recommended that AFC’s leadership enhance strategic communication to ensure that all employees are aligned with the organization’s vision, mission, and goals.

Influence of Demographic Factors on Uptake of Diagnostic Imaging by Oncology Patients in South Rift Counties, Kenya

2026-05-30T11:05:34Z

Influence of Demographic Factors on Uptake of Diagnostic Imaging by Oncology Patients in South Rift Counties, Kenya Muikamba, Lilian; Tenambergen, Wanja; Muiruri, Lilian Purpose: To determine the influence of demographic factors on uptake of diagnostic imaging by oncology patients in South Rift Counties, Kenya. Methodology: A cross-sectional research design was adopted when collecting data from 5 public hospitals in South Rift Counties. The study issued questionnaires to oncology patients and interviewed the rest of the respondents. A pre-test study was done at Texas Cancer Center in Nairobi County. Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression analysis. Qualitative results data was analyzed through thematic method. Results: 74(25%) patients had 41-50 years and 65(22%) were 61-70 years. The least number of oncology patients who were 3(1%) and they were 18-20 years of age. Further, 264(89%) were married while 33(11%) were not married. Additionally, 182(61%) were male patients while 115(39%) were female patients. Additionally, 166(56%) had a tertiary level of education while 39(13%) had primary school qualifications. In addition, 203(68%) were Christians and 80(27%) were Muslims and only 5(2%) were not religious. Notably, 110(37%) of the patients had breast cancer while 77(26%) had colon cancer. The least group of patients who were 12(4%) had lung cancer. Additionally, most of healthcare workers who were 12(39%) had more than 50 years while 10(32%) had 41-50 years. However, 4(13%) had 18-30 years. Further, 18(58%) had a master’s degree while 5(16%) had a PhD. In addition, 17(55%) had more than 10 years of service while only 5(16%) had 5-7 years. The Chi-square result revealed that χ2 (1, N = 297) = 461.599, p < 0.05. That is the Pearson Chi-Square was 461.599 at a p-value of 0.027. Conclusion and Recommendations: Most patients that sought cancer diagnostic imaging were middle and old aged male people who were married. This meant that unmarried young female adults hardly sought imaging services. The most common cancer illnesses scanned were breast, colon, and cervical cancers. The study recommends that that the hospital management should provide more funding for sensitization programs to inform unmarried young people especially females to seek early diagnostic imaging services. This will enable them to ensure that no cancerous cells are growing to be discovered at a late stage for effective management.

Factors Influencing the Uptake of Sexual and Reproductive Health Services Among Adolescent Girls in Humanitarian Crises: A Case Study of Bor County, South Sudan

2026-05-30T10:11:23Z

Factors Influencing the Uptake of Sexual and Reproductive Health Services Among Adolescent Girls in Humanitarian Crises: A Case Study of Bor County, South Sudan Areet, Areet Ayuen; Masinde, Lily J. A.; Kyulu, Teresia M. Humanitarian crises in South Sudan, characterized by conflict, displacement, and disrupted health systems, severely limit adolescent girls' access to SRH services. The study employed a mixed-methods design. This study aimed to examine factors influencing the uptake of SRH services among adolescent girls aged 15-19 in Bor County, South Sudan. The target population included adolescent girls aged 15-19, with a sample size of 225 participants selected through purposive sampling. Data was collected via semi-structured questionnaires for quantitative insights and Key Informant Interviews (KIIs) for qualitative perspectives. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (means, standard deviations, and regression analysis) with SPSS Version 25.0, and results were presented in tables, pie charts, and graphs. Qualitative data were analyzed thematically using NVivo software to identify key patterns and themes. The study found that accessibility was the most significant barrier (Beta = 0.311, p = 0.021), with long distances to clinics, poor transportation, and lack of youth-friendly services limiting uptake. Awareness and knowledge (Beta = 0.219, p = 0.032) were constrained by inadequate school-based SRH education. Psychosocial factors (Beta = 0.201, p = 0.001), including stigma and trauma, significantly deterred service utilization. Socio-cultural and economic factors (Beta = 0.156, p = 0.002), such as cultural taboos and poverty, had a notable but lesser impact. This study enriches the literature by providing context-specific insights into SRH service uptake in humanitarian settings, emphasizing the unique challenges faced by adolescent girls in Bor County. It recommends youth-friendly mobile clinics, comprehensive sexuality education, and community-based stigma reduction programs to align with South Sudan’s adolescent health policies and global humanitarian SRH standards

Health System Factors that Influence Hpv Vaccine Uptake in Kiambu County

2026-05-29T15:15:40Z

Health System Factors that Influence Hpv Vaccine Uptake in Kiambu County Mwangi, Solomon Maina; M’mayi, Consolata; .Masinde, Lily J.A. Human papillomavirus HPV is a major cause of cervical cancer infection, however, HPV vaccine uptake among the targeted groups (ages 9-14) remains suboptimal in many regions, including Kiambu County, Kenya. Across sectional design sought to assess the relationships between health system factors and vaccine uptake. The study targeted parents with daughters aged 9–14 years. A sample of 400 respondents was included to provide a robust representation of the target population, ensuring comprehensive and reliable insights. Key findings indicate that health system factors such as absence of health provider’s, access to vaccination services and communication by healthcare providers to parents emerged as critical determinants of vaccine uptake. From the findings the study concluded that there is a significant impact of health system factors on vaccination decisions. Based on the findings the study recommended that the County Government of Kiambu through the department of Health should improve Communication among Health Care Providers and when training healthcare providers they should use recommended communication strategies to engage parents in discussing HPV vaccination.